Amplify

Transcription Conventions		Examples
Language	English (Australian)	“Colour” not “Color”, “Organise” not “Organize”
Contractions	Transcribe as you hear them	“Shoulda”, “Didn’t”
Numbers	Transcribe as numerals	“11 West 40th Street”
Filled Pauses & Hesitations	Transcribe as you hear them	“ah”, “eh”, “um”
Partial words	If someone stops speaking in the middle of a word, transcribe as much of the word as they say; follow it with a dash	“Tes- Testing”, “Absolu- Absolutely”
Truncated Words	Sometimes words may seem to be repeated from the end of one line to the start of the next. Transcribe these as you hear them and use your best judgment
Noise	Transcribe in square brackets where the notation adds to the understanding/interpretation of the speaker’s comment.; use descriptive language	“And then we [door slam]”, “So cold! [Brrrrr]”
Hard-to-understand	If words, phrases, etc are hard to understand, add the word in square brackets with a question mark or replace the word with three dots (ellipsis) within square brackets.	He went with [Michael?] We were on our way to [...] within hours.
Abbreviations	Avoid abbreviation where possible. It is fine to abbreviate titles, points of the compass, time and era designations.	Okay (not OK), et cetera (not etc.), Doctor (not Dr.), Mr. John Smith, NW (not worth-west), 753 B.C, 7.00 pm

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0:04

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[Hank] 'K' 'K' thing...[...."G" 'K' thing] (indistinct) [Ruth] There's a 'P' and the 'B'. [Hank] 'K' 'K' thing...[...."G" 'K' thing] (indistinct) [Ruth] There's a 'P' and the 'B'.

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The 'T' and the 'D', The 'T' and the 'D',

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And the 'K' and the 'G'. The P-T-K are all voiceless, so that there's a larynx And the 'K' and the 'G'. The P-T-K are all voiceless, so that there's a larynx

0:18

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a larynx isn't wiggling, you know, so it's that, it's just made with a (vocalising) "pthch", with a smack that a larynx isn't wiggling, you know, so it's that, it's just made with a (vocalising) "pthch", with a smack that

0:24

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comes off the tongue. [Camilla ]Yeah [Ruth] These are all voiced [Camilla] The 'b' 'd' 'g' [Ruth] And the 'g' [Camilla] The larynx is ...[Hank] Yeah comes off the tongue. [Camilla ]Yeah [Ruth] These are all voiced [Camilla] The 'b' 'd' 'g' [Ruth] And the 'g' [Camilla] The larynx is ...[Hank] Yeah

0:30

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is working yeah [Hank] Yeah. Sounds good [Ruth] Now our problem with using this was that we also have a is working yeah [Hank] Yeah. Sounds good [Ruth] Now our problem with using this was that we also have a

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'ng'. [Camilla] Yep 'ng'. [Camilla] Yep

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Yes I was thinking about that. [Ruth] And there's a, a lot of difference [long pause] between these Yes I was thinking about that. [Ruth] And there's a, a lot of difference [long pause] between these

0:46

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these 2 affixes. Their two case markers on nouns, uh the "N-G" these 2 affixes. Their two case markers on nouns, uh the "N-G"

0:53

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Show's a subject, it's a Show's a subject, it's a

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marker. the [Unka] 'nk' shows something that we call the associative case, simply marker. the [Unka] 'nk' shows something that we call the associative case, simply

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because it sort of associates whatever it's on with whatever has gone before in the because it sort of associates whatever it's on with whatever has gone before in the

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in the sentence, in the sentence. And, uh, we had to have somewhere- way, of differentiating in the sentence, in the sentence. And, uh, we had to have somewhere- way, of differentiating

1:11

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between these 2 letters, these two clonings, and if you wrote N-G-G, between these 2 letters, these two clonings, and if you wrote N-G-G,

1:19

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[Hank]It would look at very un-English. [Ruth]Well not only that, but people might have trouble [Hank]It would look at very un-English. [Ruth]Well not only that, but people might have trouble

1:24

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trouble knowing it's, if they just saw the "N-G" trouble knowing it's, if they just saw the "N-G"

1:27

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Because we also have that thing, the "N-K" -[Camilla agrees] uhn-ka, so we have an "Nn" Because we also have that thing, the "N-K" -[Camilla agrees] uhn-ka, so we have an "Nn"

1:34

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'ng', 'unh-ga', thing... [Camilla] yeah [Ruth]... and a, 'n-ka', without the , that's the 'n'. So we had to have 'ng', 'unh-ga', thing... [Camilla] yeah [Ruth]... and a, 'n-ka', without the , that's the 'n'. So we had to have

1:41

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some way of differentiating between all of those 3 things, and the thing some way of differentiating between all of those 3 things, and the thing

1:46

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thought is if instead of making ... the using this, instead of that... [Camilla] The 'g' instead of the 'k' [Ruth] If we use thought is if instead of making ... the using this, instead of that... [Camilla] The 'g' instead of the 'k' [Ruth] If we use

1:53

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the 'k'. [Camilla] the 'k' [Ruth] So that when they see the 'k' it's always a 'k' and if you see the 'k'. [Camilla] the 'k' [Ruth] So that when they see the 'k' it's always a 'k' and if you see

1:57

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the N-G it's always the 'n' [n sound] and it's not the 'n' plus the 'k'. [Camilla] Right yes.. the N-G it's always the 'n' [n sound] and it's not the 'n' plus the 'k'. [Camilla] Right yes..

2:01

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that makes sense, yeah. I hope it makes sense on tape. (laughter)[Hank] It probably won't! [Camilla] But I understand it a bit better anyway. that makes sense, yeah. I hope it makes sense on tape. (laughter)[Hank] It probably won't! [Camilla] But I understand it a bit better anyway.

2:07

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[Ruth] but anyhow that's uh. [Camilla] (Laughter) Yeah. [Ruth] But I don't- we don't know, they always have [Ruth] but anyhow that's uh. [Camilla] (Laughter) Yeah. [Ruth] But I don't- we don't know, they always have

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problems with it, especially in reading the K. problems with it, especially in reading the K.

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Is in the word initial, uh, position- because of their English training, you know it Is in the word initial, uh, position- because of their English training, you know it

2:23

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just seemed to them that it should be a 'g', so maybe we should have written it [Hank] Yup just seemed to them that it should be a 'g', so maybe we should have written it [Hank] Yup

2:27

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as a 'g' in the beginning of the word and not the rest but... [Hank] We learned through trial and error as a 'g' in the beginning of the word and not the rest but... [Hank] We learned through trial and error

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and error and that's one thing that we saw after it was too late, we had too much and error and that's one thing that we saw after it was too late, we had too much

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material... [Camilla] yeah. [Hank] to go back and so we... [Camilla] So when you say Ngunku Yalanji [Hank] Yeah it's actually material... [Camilla] yeah. [Hank] to go back and so we... [Camilla] So when you say Ngunku Yalanji [Hank] Yeah it's actually

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it's actually it's actually, the, it's not, because it's at the beginning of it's actually it's actually, the, it's not, because it's at the beginning of

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the English speakers want to say "Kuku Yalanji", [Camilla] That's right [Hank] Because that's always aspirated the English speakers want to say "Kuku Yalanji", [Camilla] That's right [Hank] Because that's always aspirated

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on, In English on, In English

2:53

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[Camilla] Yeah. [Hank] But the Bama don't have much trouble until they become quite literate [Camilla] Yeah. [Hank] But the Bama don't have much trouble until they become quite literate

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[Ruth] Yeah, in English, [Camilla] Yes [Hank] in English, yes then they want to also do that. [Ruth] Yeah, in English, [Camilla] Yes [Hank] in English, yes then they want to also do that.

3:02

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Well, Cedric (indistinct) used to have some problems with that because he was quite literate in English. Well, Cedric (indistinct) used to have some problems with that because he was quite literate in English.

3:06

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but the, the youngsters in school that we taught they had no problem. And I but the, the youngsters in school that we taught they had no problem. And I

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think if they learn it as they, you know, in the school- Cedric didn't. He was pretty think if they learn it as they, you know, in the school- Cedric didn't. He was pretty

3:15

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literate by the time he learn to read, uh, his own language. sometimes he'd say it's 'k' literate by the time he learn to read, uh, his own language. sometimes he'd say it's 'k'

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sometimes he'd say it's sometimes he'd say it's

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a case. I tried to wean him, he was my, we taught him to teach the children a case. I tried to wean him, he was my, we taught him to teach the children

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at school. They were teachers aides and, uh, we had at school. They were teachers aides and, uh, we had

3:33

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a language program going right into the school. Cedric and Gladys, and also a language program going right into the school. Cedric and Gladys, and also

3:39

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their various other ones who were in there. Yeah. Were there? Rachel? Yeah. Helen Nun was really good. Yeah she was their various other ones who were in there. Yeah. Were there? Rachel? Yeah. Helen Nun was really good. Yeah she was

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just one of the best. And Rachel was involved in it, just one of the best. And Rachel was involved in it,

3:46

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Yes. Marilyn? Marilyn too, later on, yeah. So uh, they had Yes. Marilyn? Marilyn too, later on, yeah. So uh, they had

3:53

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They're good, they can read their language very well. And when you, uh, going back to when They're good, they can read their language very well. And when you, uh, going back to when

3:59

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you first came, Clary Hartford could set the mission up there near the school, close to the you first came, Clary Hartford could set the mission up there near the school, close to the

4:05

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school where it is now at Middle Mission school where it is now at Middle Mission

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(indistinct) mission. He came in 1957. Before we were here? Yeah, before you were here. (indistinct) mission. He came in 1957. Before we were here? Yeah, before you were here.

4:14

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Ok, you arrived in 61, is that right? Yeah. And, did you have a lot of contact Ok, you arrived in 61, is that right? Yeah. And, did you have a lot of contact

4:19

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with him? [Hank] Yes. We didn't know where this shack was when we came down with him? [Hank] Yes. We didn't know where this shack was when we came down

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so we went up to Clary, he told us where it was uh-. He already was here when Bill and Lynette so we went up to Clary, he told us where it was uh-. He already was here when Bill and Lynette

4:31

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were here, and so he knew where this shack was so we came back down there and camped outside were here, and so he knew where this shack was so we came back down there and camped outside

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there and camped outside the shack. And uh, uh, then use that shack as our bedroom and we use the camper there and camped outside the shack. And uh, uh, then use that shack as our bedroom and we use the camper

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... we set the camper down and uh, we were using that as a kitchen ... we set the camper down and uh, we were using that as a kitchen

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and in fact, all the years that we were here our camper was our kitchen. [Camilla] Yeah hhm [Hank] You remember what it looked and in fact, all the years that we were here our camper was our kitchen. [Camilla] Yeah hhm [Hank] You remember what it looked

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like? [Camilla] Yes I do yeah. Still very vividly [Hank] So uh.. Yeah we do too like? [Camilla] Yes I do yeah. Still very vividly [Hank] So uh.. Yeah we do too

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[Camilla] It's certainly changed today hasn't it? [Hank] Yes it has [Camilla] But Clarry what was he [Camilla] It's certainly changed today hasn't it? [Hank] Yes it has [Camilla] But Clarry what was he

5:06

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[doing up there. I mean] I know that they had a School [doing up there. I mean] I know that they had a School

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going at the old Mill site [Hank] Yeah that was a State School [Camilla] That was going at the old Mill site [Hank] Yeah that was a State School [Camilla] That was

5:14

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[Camilla] That was a State School which... um... had that been going before Clarry set up the Mission? [Hank] No I don't think so [Camilla] That was a State School which... um... had that been going before Clarry set up the Mission? [Hank] No I don't think so

5:21

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[Ruth] I think it may have. I don't know you'll have to ask....[Hank] You'd have to ask.. uh, ask uh...[Ruth] or, Clarry he's still.. [Ruth] I think it may have. I don't know you'll have to ask....[Hank] You'd have to ask.. uh, ask uh...[Ruth] or, Clarry he's still..

5:28

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[Hank] Mrs Haack [Ruth] Jean Haack would know. [Camilla] Jean.. I know she was the governess there, [Hank] Right. [Camilla] yeah and then they got a teacher.. [Hank] Mrs Haack [Ruth] Jean Haack would know. [Camilla] Jean.. I know she was the governess there, [Hank] Right. [Camilla] yeah and then they got a teacher..

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teacher in teacher in

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in... once she was married, so I guess then they formed it together to to get the school. [Ruth and Hank] uhuh yeah in... once she was married, so I guess then they formed it together to to get the school. [Ruth and Hank] uhuh yeah

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I don't really know whether the School was going before. I know that Olive started teaching I don't really know whether the School was going before. I know that Olive started teaching

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the grades 1 and 2 and 3. [Camilla] That was Olive Hartwig [Ruth] Yeah and uh the grades 1 and 2 and 3. [Camilla] That was Olive Hartwig [Ruth] Yeah and uh

5:52

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but I don't know if the school was going before then or not. [Hank] She taught... Olive taught most of the years that we were here but I don't know if the school was going before then or not. [Hank] She taught... Olive taught most of the years that we were here

5:58

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[Camilla] Did she? [Ruth] Yeah She was a good teacher for that. [Hank] She just [Camilla] Did she? [Ruth] Yeah She was a good teacher for that. [Hank] She just

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retired after some time.... well after they left there. Well they left... [Ruth] yeah she taught pretty much retired after some time.... well after they left there. Well they left... [Ruth] yeah she taught pretty much

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up until they left yeah. [Camilla] How long were they here for? [Hank] They were here 19 years up until they left yeah. [Camilla] How long were they here for? [Hank] They were here 19 years

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as far as I ... I remember Clarry telling me that they were here for 19 years. And then they retired as far as I ... I remember Clarry telling me that they were here for 19 years. And then they retired

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and were here a few months or, maybe half a year and then and were here a few months or, maybe half a year and then

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they left. [Camilla] And when they set that mission up at uh... Middle Camp they had just a dormitory they left. [Camilla] And when they set that mission up at uh... Middle Camp they had just a dormitory

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there. [Hank] Hhm.. they used the dormitory also as as a Church. there. [Hank] Hhm.. they used the dormitory also as as a Church.

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They had a big room where the They had a big room where the

6:33

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girl's slept and then on Sundays they moved the beds away, out on the verandah I think and then girl's slept and then on Sundays they moved the beds away, out on the verandah I think and then

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we'd have services in there. But they didn't have services at first when we came we'd have services in there. But they didn't have services at first when we came

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[Ruth] Well they didn't have the dormitory when we first came. [Camilla] Didn't they? [Hank] No, and for a long time we had [Ruth] Well they didn't have the dormitory when we first came. [Camilla] Didn't they? [Hank] No, and for a long time we had

6:49

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services outside under the trees up there at Middle Camp. [Ruth]Mhm, that was lovely. [Hank] Before, before the services outside under the trees up there at Middle Camp. [Ruth]Mhm, that was lovely. [Hank] Before, before the

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yeah I think I still think [Camilla] yeah [Hank] that's the best way to have services you know that's very Aboriginal. yeah I think I still think [Camilla] yeah [Hank] that's the best way to have services you know that's very Aboriginal.

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the Aboriginals could be outside. And uh..[Camila] Hhm So they had just a house there? [Ruth] Yeah the Aboriginals could be outside. And uh..[Camila] Hhm So they had just a house there? [Ruth] Yeah

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yeah that's all. [Camilla] And what did they do? [Hank] Well Clarry was sort of the government yeah that's all. [Camilla] And what did they do? [Hank] Well Clarry was sort of the government

7:12

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liaison officer for the Aboriginals they um, they uh... he got the money for the rations. liaison officer for the Aboriginals they um, they uh... he got the money for the rations.

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He was to take them... take care of them medically and he'd run them into Cooktown He was to take them... take care of them medically and he'd run them into Cooktown

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[Ruth] It took up quite a bit of his time. [Hank] Yeah. [Ruth] He make a trip to Cooktown [Hank] Every [Ruth] It took up quite a bit of his time. [Hank] Yeah. [Ruth] He make a trip to Cooktown [Hank] Every

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week. [Ruth] At least yeah and then every emergency, [Hank..yeah] he'd take them in and then uh they used week. [Ruth] At least yeah and then every emergency, [Hank..yeah] he'd take them in and then uh they used

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to come around for treatment of... They had a lot of tropical ulcers to come around for treatment of... They had a lot of tropical ulcers

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type things and uh [Hank] He did any any local first aid type of type things and uh [Hank] He did any any local first aid type of

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things that needed to be done with them [Ruth].. and then he had the the radio you know he had to things that needed to be done with them [Ruth].. and then he had the the radio you know he had to

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to uh contact with the Flying Doctor Service that was an every morning thing to uh contact with the Flying Doctor Service that was an every morning thing

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and take care of the mail. He used to run that down and you know all of the bookwork and take care of the mail. He used to run that down and you know all of the bookwork

8:01

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that goes with it and besides he used to go to the various camps you know just that goes with it and besides he used to go to the various camps you know just

8:06

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check up sometimes. [Camilla] So that....he didn't actually have..apart from having the dormitory which was later you check up sometimes. [Camilla] So that....he didn't actually have..apart from having the dormitory which was later you

8:12

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said he didn't actually have any Aboriginals living there early on? [Ruth] No said he didn't actually have any Aboriginals living there early on? [Ruth] No

8:16

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[Camilla] when you first came. He just was the contact? [Ruth] Yeah and they put it there they told us [Camilla] when you first came. He just was the contact? [Ruth] Yeah and they put it there they told us

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because we were wondering why he didn't you know go right into one of the camps because we were wondering why he didn't you know go right into one of the camps

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but he said they thought they thought that was... the central place where it would be easier for but he said they thought they thought that was... the central place where it would be easier for

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everybody to get there. [Camilla] Right. I believe...you know maybe he chose that spot but I believe everybody to get there. [Camilla] Right. I believe...you know maybe he chose that spot but I believe

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the Mill owned the land and donated it for [Hank] That could well be the Mill owned the land and donated it for [Hank] That could well be

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I I

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think that might be true. [Ruth..yeah] [Camilla] And for the School too because the School moved where it is think that might be true. [Ruth..yeah] [Camilla] And for the School too because the School moved where it is

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now. [Ruth] Because the reserve as such they didn't have a road in and it would have now. [Ruth] Because the reserve as such they didn't have a road in and it would have

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been very difficult. It would have taken a lot of time to get been very difficult. It would have taken a lot of time to get

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the road [Hank] What reserve? [Ruth] The reserve where the Mission is now [Hank] Yeah the road [Hank] What reserve? [Ruth] The reserve where the Mission is now [Hank] Yeah

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that was [Ruth] just nothing. [Hank]That was just scrub when we were here. [Camilla] No one was living up this far? [Hank] No that was [Ruth] just nothing. [Hank]That was just scrub when we were here. [Camilla] No one was living up this far? [Hank] No

9:00

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[Camilla] No Aboriginal people were living up there? [Hank] No they had the 3 camps [Camilla] It was just the 3 camps [Camilla] No Aboriginal people were living up there? [Hank] No they had the 3 camps [Camilla] It was just the 3 camps

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.. yes Thompson Creek and how many people would have been living at .. yes Thompson Creek and how many people would have been living at

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do you think? I know it's hard to say. I'm not very good. [Ruth] Clarry Hartwig would probably [talks over Hank] do you think? I know it's hard to say. I'm not very good. [Ruth] Clarry Hartwig would probably [talks over Hank]

9:16

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if you could write them. [Camilla..yeah] He still writes to us. He's got very shaky hands if you could write them. [Camilla..yeah] He still writes to us. He's got very shaky hands

9:20

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handwriting but he types. I think he'd be tickled to death to hear from you. [Camilla] hhm yeah handwriting but he types. I think he'd be tickled to death to hear from you. [Camilla] hhm yeah

9:25

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Well I'd like to get in contact with him [Ruth] And he's got a good memory for some of the Well I'd like to get in contact with him [Ruth] And he's got a good memory for some of the

9:29

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those things. He'd be far better to ask for things like that than we would. [Camilla] Yeah those things. He'd be far better to ask for things like that than we would. [Camilla] Yeah

9:32

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And so your camp at Judgegar um And so your camp at Judgegar um

9:36

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How many families were there? Do you remember How many families were there? Do you remember

9:39

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some of the names of the families? [Hank] Corporal and Nancy. [Camilla] Was that Whitehand Corporal or was it a different one? [Hank] No some of the names of the families? [Hank] Corporal and Nancy. [Camilla] Was that Whitehand Corporal or was it a different one? [Hank] No

9:46

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[Ruth] I don't know [Hank] He was called Corporal he was [Ruth] I don't know [Hank] He was called Corporal he was

9:49

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sort of helping the Army in Cooktown during the war [Camilla laughs] Oh yeah [Hank] so they called him Corporal sort of helping the Army in Cooktown during the war [Camilla laughs] Oh yeah [Hank] so they called him Corporal

9:56

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I think he might have been named Corporal by the by the uh Army. I think he might have been named Corporal by the by the uh Army.

10:05

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Nandy and Minnie uh and there was Dick Nandy that would be the son Nandy and Minnie uh and there was Dick Nandy that would be the son

10:10

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son of Olderman Nandy and Lyla his wife. Ruby and Bamboo, Jacky son of Olderman Nandy and Lyla his wife. Ruby and Bamboo, Jacky

10:16

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and [Hank] Minnie [Ruth] No Jacky and Kitty. [Camilla] Ruby's mother you said and [Hank] Minnie [Ruth] No Jacky and Kitty. [Camilla] Ruby's mother you said

10:23

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was there [Ruth] yeah that was another one. Well she wasn't there. Was she there at the beginning? [Hank] Not right away when we came was there [Ruth] yeah that was another one. Well she wasn't there. Was she there at the beginning? [Hank] Not right away when we came

10:28

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[Ruth] No she...[Hank] but Jinna Botchy and his wife. [ruth] That's right [Hank] Jinna Botchy's wife just died [Ruth] No she...[Hank] but Jinna Botchy and his wife. [ruth] That's right [Hank] Jinna Botchy's wife just died

10:32

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when we first came. That was our first initiation into a death [Camilla] What..oh yeah when we first came. That was our first initiation into a death [Camilla] What..oh yeah

10:37

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He was very traditional.. could hardly speak English and I..we don't recall her at all. I remember [Ruth] No He was very traditional.. could hardly speak English and I..we don't recall her at all. I remember [Ruth] No

10:43

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I remember her being in the casket and so on [Ruth] But I never saw her. [Hank] But uh Hartwig had I remember her being in the casket and so on [Ruth] But I never saw her. [Hank] But uh Hartwig had

10:48

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at that time started having funeral services for them at that time started having funeral services for them

10:51

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and he came down and made this box column for them and they buried her just up above it and he came down and made this box column for them and they buried her just up above it

10:58

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the yard there and uh then his shack was burned down. You know when somebody dies the yard there and uh then his shack was burned down. You know when somebody dies

11:04

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in an Aboriginal that was.... so his house was burned down. Jinna Botchy then went and lived in an Aboriginal that was.... so his house was burned down. Jinna Botchy then went and lived

11:10

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with Jackie and uh [Ruth] Kitty [Hank] Kitty. He ate with them and with Jackie and uh [Ruth] Kitty [Hank] Kitty. He ate with them and

11:17

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they eventually... Hartwig put up a pensioner shack for him they eventually... Hartwig put up a pensioner shack for him

11:20

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and he lived across the from Kitty and... how many would there have been? [Ruth] I'd say about and he lived across the from Kitty and... how many would there have been? [Ruth] I'd say about

11:25

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oh Toby Toby was there. [Camilla] Toby Bloomfield? [Ruth] but he was..[Hank] He was a real oh Toby Toby was there. [Camilla] Toby Bloomfield? [Ruth] but he was..[Hank] He was a real

11:31

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oh I [Ruth[ He was called Toby Mason sometimes. [Hank] Well because he stayed with Masons. His..[Camilla] At uh oh I [Ruth[ He was called Toby Mason sometimes. [Hank] Well because he stayed with Masons. His..[Camilla] At uh

11:37

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his camp was down at Masons. [Camilla] At Cape Tribulation? [Hank] Yeah hhm I mean his relatives all settled there his camp was down at Masons. [Camilla] At Cape Tribulation? [Hank] Yeah hhm I mean his relatives all settled there

11:43

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every wet season at Masons. [Camilla] ah right [Hank] So he worked for Masons off and on and he called himself Toby every wet season at Masons. [Camilla] ah right [Hank] So he worked for Masons off and on and he called himself Toby

11:48

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Mason. They do that. Uh Harry Shipton in the same way over at Shipton's Flat Mason. They do that. Uh Harry Shipton in the same way over at Shipton's Flat

11:54

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you know so...[Camilla] So that was where they lived [Hank..yeah right]. I guess that's where they get their second ..a lot of their second.. [Hank] Right you know so...[Camilla] So that was where they lived [Hank..yeah right]. I guess that's where they get their second ..a lot of their second.. [Hank] Right

12:01

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[Camilla] names often. [Ruth] That was all that was there when we came wasn't it? [Hank] I'm trying [Camilla] names often. [Ruth] That was all that was there when we came wasn't it? [Hank] I'm trying

12:06

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to think. [Ruth] There were various relatives who were sort of coming and going a lot. [Hank] I think those were the to think. [Ruth] There were various relatives who were sort of coming and going a lot. [Hank] I think those were the

12:11

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basic basic

12:11

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ones. [Ruth...yeah] There's uh Lila and not Lila....Bubbly. ones. [Ruth...yeah] There's uh Lila and not Lila....Bubbly.

12:18

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[Ruth] But they were living with Corporal and Nancy. [Hank] For awhile till they got their pension. [Ruth] Yeah [Ruth] But they were living with Corporal and Nancy. [Hank] For awhile till they got their pension. [Ruth] Yeah

12:24

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[Handshake] [Ruth..uhuh]and uh Bobbie Roberts. [Handshake] [Ruth..uhuh]and uh Bobbie Roberts.

12:31

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That was down there and all their children you know. [Ruth] And various relatives. [Camilla] Yeah hhm That was down there and all their children you know. [Ruth] And various relatives. [Camilla] Yeah hhm

12:36

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and then later on the Sykes came and then [Hank] the [Taylor] [Ruth] Yeah of course he was the son and then later on the Sykes came and then [Hank] the [Taylor] [Ruth] Yeah of course he was the son

12:42

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[Hank] She was the daughter. [Ruth] Yeah [Camilla] Where did they come from? [Hank] She was the daughter. [Ruth] Yeah [Camilla] Where did they come from?

12:48

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[Ruth] here on the station somewhere. I don't know. [Hank] The Station. Uh Charlie Taylor [Ruth] here on the station somewhere. I don't know. [Hank] The Station. Uh Charlie Taylor

12:52

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was at heart a real cattleman you know [Ruth] he's been all up and down the coast [Hank] All his life he spent out on was at heart a real cattleman you know [Ruth] he's been all up and down the coast [Hank] All his life he spent out on

12:59

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the cattle stations and their children were already how the cattle stations and their children were already how

13:06

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11 and 12 [Ruth] Their oldest ones [Hank] and they were afraid that they wouldn't learn any.. to read and write 11 and 12 [Ruth] Their oldest ones [Hank] and they were afraid that they wouldn't learn any.. to read and write

13:12

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and people encouraged them to come back here where there was a School. So they moved in here and people encouraged them to come back here where there was a School. So they moved in here

13:16

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and this was all their own.... I mean they they were Nyunguls so uh they and this was all their own.... I mean they they were Nyunguls so uh they

13:22

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lived down there and the kids went to school and Harold Taylor [Tayly] was 12 I think when he came and he had a hard time lived down there and the kids went to school and Harold Taylor [Tayly] was 12 I think when he came and he had a hard time

13:29

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but he learned quickly but he learned quickly

13:30

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quickly once he got going and [Ruth] Yeah the teacher at that time really was good [Camilla] Was that quickly once he got going and [Ruth] Yeah the teacher at that time really was good [Camilla] Was that

13:34

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Ian Ian

13:35

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McClennan? No? [Ruth] I can't rem[Hank] McClennan and who was after him? I think McClennan? No? [Ruth] I can't rem[Hank] McClennan and who was after him? I think

13:43

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I think it was that a 7th Day Adventist..[..]. [Ruth] Now what was his name? [Camilla] Carrigan? [Hank] No before Carrigan. [Ruth] He was a really good I think it was that a 7th Day Adventist..[..]. [Ruth] Now what was his name? [Camilla] Carrigan? [Hank] No before Carrigan. [Ruth] He was a really good

13:50

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excellent excellent

13:51

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excellent teacher. So [knocking] [Hank] No [Camilla] And did these teachers learn the language? I believe Clarry excellent teacher. So [knocking] [Hank] No [Camilla] And did these teachers learn the language? I believe Clarry

13:58

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Hartwig did. [Hank] No he didn't [Ruth] No he knew words but he never knew you know the grammar and he couldn't Hartwig did. [Hank] No he didn't [Ruth] No he knew words but he never knew you know the grammar and he couldn't

14:05

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put them together. [Hank] We had classes for him and he and all of the [day...] put them together. [Hank] We had classes for him and he and all of the [day...]

14:09

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[...] [...]

14:10

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He would have liked to learn it but... [Ruth] He had a good ear for sound and for re- He would have liked to learn it but... [Ruth] He had a good ear for sound and for re-

14:16

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membering the words but the grammar is so totally different to English membering the words but the grammar is so totally different to English

14:21

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We have never actually got anybody. We've tried many many staff members. I mean we didn't.. they came to us We have never actually got anybody. We've tried many many staff members. I mean we didn't.. they came to us

14:28

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and we tried to teach them. It's one thing to learn words. Even a fellow and we tried to teach them. It's one thing to learn words. Even a fellow

14:34

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Missionary down at The Gorge he knew a lot of words. He was really interested in Missionary down at The Gorge he knew a lot of words. He was really interested in

14:40

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in the culture. He knew terms from the dreamtime that I didn't know you know in the culture. He knew terms from the dreamtime that I didn't know you know

14:45

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but he couldn't put the words together [Camilla..yeah] he just could not speak the language yet he knew all the but he couldn't put the words together [Camilla..yeah] he just could not speak the language yet he knew all the

14:50

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these terms and uh it was... we tried to teach him. Well he these terms and uh it was... we tried to teach him. Well he

14:56

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didn't read it.... his wife could have learned she was a school teacher. She didn't read it.... his wife could have learned she was a school teacher. She

14:60

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she could have learned. She took lessons from us when we were teaching literacy down there but she could have learned. She took lessons from us when we were teaching literacy down there but

15:05

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this fellow didn't want to be uh shown that he.. I don't know what was..he had a bit this fellow didn't want to be uh shown that he.. I don't know what was..he had a bit

15:10

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he he

15:12

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... can't be too proud to be laughed at you know when you say something wrong [Camilla..yeah] and that was his problem he ... can't be too proud to be laughed at you know when you say something wrong [Camilla..yeah] and that was his problem he

15:19

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didn't want to be you know uh so he wouldn't even take the literacy lessons. [Camilla..uh] but didn't want to be you know uh so he wouldn't even take the literacy lessons. [Camilla..uh] but

15:24

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uh he could have learned if he would have been willing to be taught. [Camilla] And where was he? uh he could have learned if he would have been willing to be taught. [Camilla] And where was he?

15:29

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he was at the Gorge in Mosman. [Camilla] Right...yeah [Hank] That's the same language group as was here and uh [Camilla] And he was at the Gorge in Mosman. [Camilla] Right...yeah [Hank] That's the same language group as was here and uh [Camilla] And

15:36

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and he did a lot of things with the people. Take them out to and he did a lot of things with the people. Take them out to

15:40

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their old ..to their old grounds that you know their their old ..to their old grounds that you know their

15:44

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Sacred areas and so on. He was really interested in that. [Camilla] Was he a missionary? [Hank] Yeah [Camilla] And so they had a Sacred areas and so on. He was really interested in that. [Camilla] Was he a missionary? [Hank] Yeah [Camilla] And so they had a

15:51

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Mission..I know they had a Mission at the Daintree early on. [Hank] That Mission..I know they had a Mission at the Daintree early on. [Hank] That

15:54

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was that was a uh Ass... uh was that was a uh Ass... uh

15:57

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Assemblies of God uh Mission there. And we were there when it was still there. We Assemblies of God uh Mission there. And we were there when it was still there. We

16:04

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went there [Ruth] It's a beautiful place [Hank] It was a lovely place at the Daintree... right under a tree went there [Ruth] It's a beautiful place [Hank] It was a lovely place at the Daintree... right under a tree

16:08

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trees. It was just a lovely camp but then soon they folded up and then trees. It was just a lovely camp but then soon they folded up and then

16:14

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they did start at the Gorge because a lot of people wanted to move down there they did start at the Gorge because a lot of people wanted to move down there

16:19

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near to Mossman and uh so they started that camp in the Gorge and then that folded too near to Mossman and uh so they started that camp in the Gorge and then that folded too

16:25

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so then the brother. This fellow was the brother. They took over that place so then the brother. This fellow was the brother. They took over that place

16:31

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and they had uh kept it going [Camilla] But the people..the Kuku Yalanji from down and they had uh kept it going [Camilla] But the people..the Kuku Yalanji from down

16:38

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Daintree were not Daintree were not

16:40

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from Mossman? Or they.. [Hank] They were really from the Upper Daintree a lot of them but [Camilla] Yeah from Mossman? Or they.. [Hank] They were really from the Upper Daintree a lot of them but [Camilla] Yeah

16:47

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but the Upper Daintree people but the Upper Daintree people

16:48

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were very independent and they had their own camp in Upper Daintree were very independent and they had their own camp in Upper Daintree

16:54

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that is like the Fishers and the uh [Quilkers] and were some that is like the Fishers and the uh [Quilkers] and were some

17:01

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[Ruth] Never knew them very well. [Hank] They stayed across the River there and had their own camp [Ruth] Never knew them very well. [Hank] They stayed across the River there and had their own camp

17:07

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but some of the others were I don't know if The Assemblies of God lured them down but some of the others were I don't know if The Assemblies of God lured them down

17:14

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with rations or what but you know they had them over there on that side of the with rations or what but you know they had them over there on that side of the

17:19

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where you could drive to it. [Camilla] Yeah [Hank] The Fishers you couldn't drive to the Fisher's Camp. They were across where you could drive to it. [Camilla] Yeah [Hank] The Fishers you couldn't drive to the Fisher's Camp. They were across

17:24

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the River and they liked to stay primitive and they still carried the River and they liked to stay primitive and they still carried

17:28

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even today they're the ones who are most interested in retaining the culture and so on even today they're the ones who are most interested in retaining the culture and so on

17:34

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they're not... they're the ones that are back at China Camp. [Camilla] China Camp yes they're not... they're the ones that are back at China Camp. [Camilla] China Camp yes

17:38

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Um I remember Ruby was saying to me that you know that a lot of people came from up here Um I remember Ruby was saying to me that you know that a lot of people came from up here

17:45

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or Bloomfield or Bloomfield

17:46

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or the Yalanji too down to Daintree and you know so that's how they got involved with that or the Yalanji too down to Daintree and you know so that's how they got involved with that

17:52

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mission down there and then they seemed to moved further to Mossman as well [Hank] Hhm..yeah mission down there and then they seemed to moved further to Mossman as well [Hank] Hhm..yeah

17:57

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that was... how that came about we were at the other uh that was... how that came about we were at the other uh

18:03

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Daintree camp when it was still going but... [Ruth] We never really knew them [Hank] we had no contact with the missionaries or anything Daintree camp when it was still going but... [Ruth] We never really knew them [Hank] we had no contact with the missionaries or anything

18:10

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we just had contact with the people and then after they moved we we just had contact with the people and then after they moved we

18:14

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were up here busy and it happened while we were you know up here. We don't know [Ruth..hhm] were up here busy and it happened while we were you know up here. We don't know [Ruth..hhm]

18:19

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what the situation was. [Camilla] Talking about Toby Bloomfield and him going down to what the situation was. [Camilla] Talking about Toby Bloomfield and him going down to

18:25

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Cape Tribulation where his family and relatives used to live. Did they do that quite frequently Cape Tribulation where his family and relatives used to live. Did they do that quite frequently

18:30

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in your time or? [Hank] No [Camilla] Or had they stopped doing that? [Hank] If you can get hold of a in your time or? [Hank] No [Camilla] Or had they stopped doing that? [Hank] If you can get hold of a

18:35

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book called um book called um

18:38

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Kulanji. Have you got that? [Camilla] Yes I have by William Mason [Hank] Okay that Kulanji. Have you got that? [Camilla] Yes I have by William Mason [Hank] Okay that

18:45

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will tell you about the the Toby people how they you know...the Toby clan will tell you about the the Toby people how they you know...the Toby clan

18:50

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that was living down there at Cape Tribulation [Camilla] Yeah [Hank] and they would come over the hill into Bloomfield here and that was living down there at Cape Tribulation [Camilla] Yeah [Hank] and they would come over the hill into Bloomfield here and

18:56

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and mix with these people too but that was their wet season camp down there. [Ruth] There was a certain and mix with these people too but that was their wet season camp down there. [Ruth] There was a certain

19:01

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amount of coming and going but it was far harder amount of coming and going but it was far harder

19:03

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then than it is now. You know it takes a while to walk through the then than it is now. You know it takes a while to walk through the

19:08

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bush. [Camilla] That's right. I actually from what I've read bush. [Camilla] That's right. I actually from what I've read

19:11

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in that book it's mentioned that they'd leave when the wet... just before the wet season in that book it's mentioned that they'd leave when the wet... just before the wet season

19:16

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they'd leave that camp at Cape Tribulation and come back to they'd leave that camp at Cape Tribulation and come back to

19:20

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the Bloomfield. [Hank] maybe that's true. See this is before I..we were here. [Camilla] Right [Hank] See the Masons would be the Bloomfield. [Hank] maybe that's true. See this is before I..we were here. [Camilla] Right [Hank] See the Masons would be

19:26

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better.. better but watch out some of anyway...better not say anything [laughter] better.. better but watch out some of anyway...better not say anything [laughter]

19:31

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Stories of conflict don't they from one person to another. [Hank] Yes okay Stories of conflict don't they from one person to another. [Hank] Yes okay

19:38

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[Camilla] But Jimmy Johnson his family used to be from there. [Hank] Yeah yeah Jimmy was at this camp when we were [Camilla] But Jimmy Johnson his family used to be from there. [Hank] Yeah yeah Jimmy was at this camp when we were

19:43

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here. [Camilla] Was he? [Hank] yeah yeah Jimmy was a..he was a [Ruth] He was a close relative of Ruby and Bamboo here. [Camilla] Was he? [Hank] yeah yeah Jimmy was a..he was a [Ruth] He was a close relative of Ruby and Bamboo

19:50

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Was he? His mother. Through his mother. [Ruth..yeah..must] His father was from somewhere else I believed Was he? His mother. Through his mother. [Ruth..yeah..must] His father was from somewhere else I believed

19:57

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An Islander maybe? [Hank] Yeah They had Islander blood An Islander maybe? [Hank] Yeah They had Islander blood

20:02

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They definitely did. You can see it with Jimmy with uh Barbara's husband. They definitely did. You can see it with Jimmy with uh Barbara's husband.

20:09

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[Ruth] Jimmy Johnson [Han] Yeah Jimmy Johnson. The other one was Johnny Johnson. [Ruth] The father. [Camilla] The father John he's [Ruth] Jimmy Johnson [Han] Yeah Jimmy Johnson. The other one was Johnny Johnson. [Ruth] The father. [Camilla] The father John he's

20:16

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mentioned in that book. [Hank] Yeah right and Johnny was here yeah. I meant to say Johnny not Jimmy mentioned in that book. [Hank] Yeah right and Johnny was here yeah. I meant to say Johnny not Jimmy

20:22

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And Jimmy was up at Lockhart I think most of the time when we were here And Jimmy was up at Lockhart I think most of the time when we were here

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and he and he

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inherited the later part and then he took Barbara away from old Turner so inherited the later part and then he took Barbara away from old Turner so

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Turner didn't last long after that. He was a real [..] Turner didn't last long after that. He was a real [..]

20:43

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Shipton's Flat and he and Johnny Walker took.. took me over to Shipton's Flat and showed us all the old cams Shipton's Flat and he and Johnny Walker took.. took me over to Shipton's Flat and showed us all the old cams

20:49

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and there's a real [Yurunbul] place over there called and there's a real [Yurunbul] place over there called

20:53

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What's what they call a taboo place for certain people. It has. It's an old water hole What's what they call a taboo place for certain people. It has. It's an old water hole

20:60

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and a sort of a Waterfalls that goes down into this stone water hole and a sort of a Waterfalls that goes down into this stone water hole

21:07

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It's pretty big and then the water keeps on going out of the water hole and another falls and It's pretty big and then the water keeps on going out of the water hole and another falls and

21:13

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and that has a story, an old dreamtime story about it and that has a story, an old dreamtime story about it

21:17

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k...where the hammer swam halfway in the water you know it was half way didn't go down to the bottom k...where the hammer swam halfway in the water you know it was half way didn't go down to the bottom

21:24

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[Camilla] Hammer? [Hank] Yeah it was very interesting. [Camilla] As in? [Ruth] As in hammer. [Camilla] As in a hammer [Camilla] Hammer? [Hank] Yeah it was very interesting. [Camilla] As in? [Ruth] As in hammer. [Camilla] As in a hammer

21:29

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[laughs] because that wouldn't be part of their culture. [Hank] Well this was [laughs] because that wouldn't be part of their culture. [Hank] Well this was

21:34

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some of their [Yurunnbul] stories are not all that old you know. [Camilla] Yeah adapted some of their [Yurunnbul] stories are not all that old you know. [Camilla] Yeah adapted

21:42

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yeah went on at the time yeah. [Ruth] It was...they changed. [hank] That story has uh yeah went on at the time yeah. [Ruth] It was...they changed. [hank] That story has uh

21:48

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a fellow who uh a fellow who uh

21:57

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down near Plantation and he went back over there down near Plantation and he went back over there

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actually he... I don't have the details on that 1st part anyway he finally went over there and he actually he... I don't have the details on that 1st part anyway he finally went over there and he

22:11

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passed off over there next to this to this uh [Ruth] Water hole [Hank] water hole passed off over there next to this to this uh [Ruth] Water hole [Hank] water hole

22:19

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and wait a minute that's not right. He dropped the hammer in. That's right. He dropped the hammer in. There must have been a white person there and wait a minute that's not right. He dropped the hammer in. That's right. He dropped the hammer in. There must have been a white person there

22:25

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who had the hammer and told him to dive in who had the hammer and told him to dive in

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and get it . I think that's the way it was. This...I hope you don't take this and get it . I think that's the way it was. This...I hope you don't take this

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the details are very fuzzy...[Camilla] It's okay. Yeah [Hank] and he dove in to get the the details are very fuzzy...[Camilla] It's okay. Yeah [Hank] and he dove in to get the

22:37

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this hammer and uh it was swimming oh he couldn't find it down on the bottom and um this hammer and uh it was swimming oh he couldn't find it down on the bottom and um

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and suddenly he was in a different realm and he saw all the old and suddenly he was in a different realm and he saw all the old

22:48

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people there and there were dogs there and everything and he saw people who had died people there and there were dogs there and everything and he saw people who had died

22:54

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many many years ago. He told the story all along the Coast down here there were people many many years ago. He told the story all along the Coast down here there were people

23:00

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that had died and he saw them all there and he talked with them and finally that had died and he saw them all there and he talked with them and finally

23:04

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he got back on the the reason that he came and he found this hammer hanging halfway he got back on the the reason that he came and he found this hammer hanging halfway

23:11

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in the water and that's the thing that really that's the miracle you know in the water and that's the thing that really that's the miracle you know

23:17

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the dream time you know that can happen any time but anyway that was the story the dream time you know that can happen any time but anyway that was the story

23:23

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that they gave me. He came out and that's when he passed out when he got out and when that they gave me. He came out and that's when he passed out when he got out and when

23:28

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when he came to again well he told them the story about it and he had the hammer and so on when he came to again well he told them the story about it and he had the hammer and so on

23:32

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[Camilla] Argh [Hank] [laughs] It's a ...I've got that on tape but the [Camilla] Argh [Hank] [laughs] It's a ...I've got that on tape but the

23:39

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accuracy is.. I've just told you is not accurate. I can't give you the real details. [Camilla] Yeah. There are other taboo places accuracy is.. I've just told you is not accurate. I can't give you the real details. [Camilla] Yeah. There are other taboo places

23:44

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around um [Ruth] They were talking last night remember. Uh about ..apparently around um [Ruth] They were talking last night remember. Uh about ..apparently

23:51

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somebody wants to push a road right up to the waterfall [Hank] Yeah [Ruth] and the people are saying that somebody wants to push a road right up to the waterfall [Hank] Yeah [Ruth] and the people are saying that

23:55

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that's ah you know [Yurunbu the word for taboo. You can't do that. It's sacred [Hank] The waterfall that's ah you know [Yurunbu the word for taboo. You can't do that. It's sacred [Hank] The waterfall

23:60

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said about this ...yeah [Camilla..yeah] right below the waterfall you know [Hank] That pool there said about this ...yeah [Camilla..yeah] right below the waterfall you know [Hank] That pool there

24:04

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[Camilla] the big pool [Ruth...yeah] is the.. what the sacred site or taboo [Hank] Yep right [Camilla] the big pool [Ruth...yeah] is the.. what the sacred site or taboo [Hank] Yep right

24:09

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when when we first came no Bama would go swimming in that pool. They didn't when when we first came no Bama would go swimming in that pool. They didn't

24:14

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no way. [Camilla] No because... what is the association? Is there a particular story? [Hank] There is a story about no way. [Camilla] No because... what is the association? Is there a particular story? [Hank] There is a story about

24:19

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it I think I've got that on it I think I've got that on

24:21

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tape too but I don't know what.. [Ruth] I don't remember tape too but I don't know what.. [Ruth] I don't remember

24:22

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what it is. Usually when you have a [Nyungul] place it's got a story what it is. Usually when you have a [Nyungul] place it's got a story

24:26

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and uh I don't remember what that and uh I don't remember what that

24:29

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what that is what that story is there. But uh there is a place up here what that is what that story is there. But uh there is a place up here

24:36

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where..at Fritz Creek [Camilla] Right [Hank] Ok that's [Yurunbah]. I got that story too. [Camilla] do you know that one? [Hank] Um where..at Fritz Creek [Camilla] Right [Hank] Ok that's [Yurunbah]. I got that story too. [Camilla] do you know that one? [Hank] Um

24:42

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I know the story of where of uh where a Bama was told not to go in there I know the story of where of uh where a Bama was told not to go in there

24:49

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And he went in there and there's a rainbow snake...have you heard of that one? [Camilla..yeah] there's a rainbow And he went in there and there's a rainbow snake...have you heard of that one? [Camilla..yeah] there's a rainbow

24:55

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snake in there and uh Old Corporal gave me snake in there and uh Old Corporal gave me

24:58

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this story. He said that the fellow went in there anyway and this story. He said that the fellow went in there anyway and

25:03

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uh this rainbow snake came..what did that rainbow snake do? uh this rainbow snake came..what did that rainbow snake do?

25:11

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He passed out too I think. Boy He passed out too I think. Boy

25:17

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[banging noise] I'm afraid we're not very helpful here [Camilla] That's okay [Ruth] I'm not sure if we should be [banging noise] I'm afraid we're not very helpful here [Camilla] That's okay [Ruth] I'm not sure if we should be

25:24

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You know if you should publish this it's uh...[Camilla] Yeah you know I'm sure I'll be asking them anyway You know if you should publish this it's uh...[Camilla] Yeah you know I'm sure I'll be asking them anyway

25:30

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but um..[Hank] We don't want to...some of these stories belong to a certain person but um..[Hank] We don't want to...some of these stories belong to a certain person

25:35

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or a family clan [Camilla] Yeah a family hhm [Hank] and or a family clan [Camilla] Yeah a family hhm [Hank] and

25:37

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and they shouldn't be published. [Ruth...told] I have got a lot on tape that I wouldn't want to share with anybody unless I had.. [Camilla] Yeah and they shouldn't be published. [Ruth...told] I have got a lot on tape that I wouldn't want to share with anybody unless I had.. [Camilla] Yeah

25:44

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..their permission to do it so I couldn't... ..their permission to do it so I couldn't...

25:48

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I've known about the area being a taboo area and not.. people weren't supposed to go fishing I've known about the area being a taboo area and not.. people weren't supposed to go fishing

25:54

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fishing there or whatever. [Hank] That's right [Camilla] Well we've been crabbing there quite a few.. [Hank] Oh we do too. fishing there or whatever. [Hank] That's right [Camilla] Well we've been crabbing there quite a few.. [Hank] Oh we do too.

25:60

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... times but about 5 years ago after we went crabbing there I became ... times but about 5 years ago after we went crabbing there I became

26:06

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very ill and I haven't been able to eat crabs [ Hank..okay] or prawns ever since very ill and I haven't been able to eat crabs [ Hank..okay] or prawns ever since

26:12

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so there might be something in this. [Hank] Well that could well be. I wouldn't.. I don't what to so there might be something in this. [Hank] Well that could well be. I wouldn't.. I don't what to

26:19

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make light of their stories because they..[Camilla] no that's right make light of their stories because they..[Camilla] no that's right

26:23

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there's a reason why they have these taboo areas and uh yeah [Camilla] Yeah there's a reason why they have these taboo areas and uh yeah [Camilla] Yeah

26:26

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So you used to go out hunting quite a lot with the men in the camp Hank? [Hank] Yes So you used to go out hunting quite a lot with the men in the camp Hank? [Hank] Yes

26:33

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That's when I found a lot of taboo areas that they wouldn't...all of a sudden they'd deviate and go That's when I found a lot of taboo areas that they wouldn't...all of a sudden they'd deviate and go

26:38

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around a certain area and if I asked them they'd say that's around a certain area and if I asked them they'd say that's

26:42

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Yurunbul Yurunbul

26:42

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and I used to try to get the stories if I could. Sometimes they weren't too keen to share them so I didn't and I used to try to get the stories if I could. Sometimes they weren't too keen to share them so I didn't

26:49

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But I got a lot of stories that I think they wouldn't share with But I got a lot of stories that I think they wouldn't share with

26:54

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anybody you know. I mean with just anybody so..[Camilla..hhm] anybody you know. I mean with just anybody so..[Camilla..hhm]

26:59

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but I've never I never tried to uh not to put those on paper. [Camilla] No but I've never I never tried to uh not to put those on paper. [Camilla] No

27:07

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understandable. [Hank] I would do it if they said so.. if they wanted them. [Camilla] Yeah the thing..I mean you don't want them lost forever understandable. [Hank] I would do it if they said so.. if they wanted them. [Camilla] Yeah the thing..I mean you don't want them lost forever

27:13

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[Hank] I know but.. [Camilla] If it's important to them. [Hank] We left a lot of those in the [Hank] I know but.. [Camilla] If it's important to them. [Hank] We left a lot of those in the

27:18

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archives in Canberra. [Camilla] Ahuh archives in Canberra. [Camilla] Ahuh

27:20

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at the AFF was it? [Hank] We had a grant from the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies and at the AFF was it? [Hank] We had a grant from the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies and

27:25

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and we had uh we left five 5 inch tapes in the and we had uh we left five 5 inch tapes in the

27:33

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place with the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. Since then they've changed to Australian Aboriginal and Islander Studies [Camilla] Okay place with the Australian Institute of Aboriginal Studies. Since then they've changed to Australian Aboriginal and Islander Studies [Camilla] Okay

27:40

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Australian Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander Studies yeah [Hank] So uh [Camilla] Oh that's Australian Aboriginals and Torres Strait Islander Studies yeah [Hank] So uh [Camilla] Oh that's

27:44

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good to know. [Hank] You can get the whole of them there. [Camilla] They've got very strict as you say copyright. [Hank] Right good to know. [Hank] You can get the whole of them there. [Camilla] They've got very strict as you say copyright. [Hank] Right

27:50

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and and

27:50

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you could look at ..or listen to them but as far as publishing goes it's taboo. [laughs] [Hank] Yeah right you could look at ..or listen to them but as far as publishing goes it's taboo. [laughs] [Hank] Yeah right

27:57

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[laughter] [Hank] [..ball] [Camilla] You'd go out there hunting a lot [laughter] [Hank] [..ball] [Camilla] You'd go out there hunting a lot

28:05

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where would you go mainly? [Hank] Our main hunting ground was the 12 Mile area you know along the where would you go mainly? [Hank] Our main hunting ground was the 12 Mile area you know along the

28:11

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12 mile even up to Roy Haacks you know we came down over there and then up in this area too 12 mile even up to Roy Haacks you know we came down over there and then up in this area too

28:16

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we went hunting a lot. [Camilla] Behind Wyalla [Hank..yeah yeah] and up the Granite Creek [Hank] Yeah we went hunting a lot. [Camilla] Behind Wyalla [Hank..yeah yeah] and up the Granite Creek [Hank] Yeah

28:21

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up the Granite....[Camilla] Timber Road.. was another one[Hank] That was a good place we went often. Usually we'd go up the Granite....[Camilla] Timber Road.. was another one[Hank] That was a good place we went often. Usually we'd go

28:27

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in the truck in the truck

28:28

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..all everybody piled in the back with the dogs and we'd go out to the area and there was one hunting partner D.. ..all everybody piled in the back with the dogs and we'd go out to the area and there was one hunting partner D..

28:34

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Dickie Jandi was my younger brother and you'd have tribal brothers Dickie Jandi was my younger brother and you'd have tribal brothers

28:40

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and you have blood brothers and I was Dickie's younger brother and he and I were always and you have blood brothers and I was Dickie's younger brother and he and I were always

28:46

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hunting together and uh when we split out there and hunting together and uh when we split out there and

28:50

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take our dogs.. it was usually Dickie and me and maybe various other ones with our party if it was take our dogs.. it was usually Dickie and me and maybe various other ones with our party if it was

28:57

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just a small party we just went one party...all of us hunted together and just a small party we just went one party...all of us hunted together and

29:01

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often the young boys would come along ...the young teenagers would come along too often the young boys would come along ...the young teenagers would come along too

29:06

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They learned to hunt along with you know so today that doesn't happen anymore They learned to hunt along with you know so today that doesn't happen anymore

29:11

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which is sad because the young people don't know how to hunt anymore [Camilla] Yeah [Hank] And uh we which is sad because the young people don't know how to hunt anymore [Camilla] Yeah [Hank] And uh we

29:17

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would come home with mixed bags we.. if we saw a wallaby we'd shoot a wallaby if we got pigs we would come home with mixed bags we.. if we saw a wallaby we'd shoot a wallaby if we got pigs we

29:23

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got tree climbing got tree climbing

29:25

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kangaroos even though they were taboo. I didn't realise that at the time. Maybe they weren't even..[Camilla] They were taboo kangaroos even though they were taboo. I didn't realise that at the time. Maybe they weren't even..[Camilla] They were taboo

29:30

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yeah [Camilla] for the Aborigines [Hank] Not taboo.. white man [Camilla] Protected [Hank] Yep yeah [Camilla] for the Aborigines [Hank] Not taboo.. white man [Camilla] Protected [Hank] Yep

29:33

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[Ruth] I think that was later and you never shot one it was old Assay who got it [Hank] Yep I [Ruth] I think that was later and you never shot one it was old Assay who got it [Hank] Yep I

29:38

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[Ruth] You didn't see all that many [Camilla] No..yeah [Hank] Uh We went scrub hen egg [Ruth] You didn't see all that many [Camilla] No..yeah [Hank] Uh We went scrub hen egg

29:43

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digging and so I. Again I very seldom dug digging and so I. Again I very seldom dug

29:47

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because I didn't like the digging. It really hurt. These little mites would get under your fingernails you know. [Camilla] Yeah because I didn't like the digging. It really hurt. These little mites would get under your fingernails you know. [Camilla] Yeah

29:54

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They loved to dig scrub hen eggs. [Camilla] And the men did that? [Hank] They did it when they uh [Ruth] The women came across They loved to dig scrub hen eggs. [Camilla] And the men did that? [Hank] They did it when they uh [Ruth] The women came across

29:59

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them. [Hank] Yeah when they came across them. Everything stopped when you got to scrub hen nest. Till they got all [Camilla Yeah them. [Hank] Yeah when they came across them. Everything stopped when you got to scrub hen nest. Till they got all [Camilla Yeah

30:05

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got the top all fixed I.. got the top all fixed I..

30:07

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they could tell where they had dug when we went down in . I was never able to do much as far as they could tell where they had dug when we went down in . I was never able to do much as far as

30:13

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finding eggs. I found one egg and this was right when we were hunting uh it was actually up in this area finding eggs. I found one egg and this was right when we were hunting uh it was actually up in this area

30:19

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not a...where was it now? Anyway we stopped not a...where was it now? Anyway we stopped

30:26

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[and I thought] well I'll dig to today and we found one [and I thought] well I'll dig to today and we found one

30:29

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I was so elated and I had a first aid kit that I always carried in a pouch that was on my belt I was so elated and I had a first aid kit that I always carried in a pouch that was on my belt

30:35

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and it was right back here on the and it was right back here on the

30:37

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on my bottom and so uh while we were still digging all of a sudden on my bottom and so uh while we were still digging all of a sudden

30:45

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he went right past us and down and he bailed up he went right past us and down and he bailed up

30:48

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[dogs] just right below where we were and I grabbed my gun and I ran down thekneeled down here and I [dogs] just right below where we were and I grabbed my gun and I ran down thekneeled down here and I

30:53

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shot this boar and I busted the egg and it was all over my shot this boar and I busted the egg and it was all over my

30:57

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[..] so the one egg that I got and I never got to eat it [laughter] [..] so the one egg that I got and I never got to eat it [laughter]

31:04

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[Camilla] Goannas. Did you get goannas? [Hank] Yeah we got goannas. Anything that moved seemingly we got ..we even [Camilla] Goannas. Did you get goannas? [Hank] Yeah we got goannas. Anything that moved seemingly we got ..we even

31:11

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got snakes once in awhile. We'd bring home a python and so on. We never got snakes once in awhile. We'd bring home a python and so on. We never

31:16

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killed those around the house although killed those around the house although

31:17

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they well we did if they got our kittens. They loved our kittens.They loved kittens. Do you have any problems with pythons here? [Camilla] Uh they well we did if they got our kittens. They loved our kittens.They loved kittens. Do you have any problems with pythons here? [Camilla] Uh

31:23

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we only get the small salmon bellies in the house. [Hank] Oh yeah [Camilla] Well we only get the small salmon bellies in the house. [Hank] Oh yeah [Camilla] Well

31:26

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occasionally we've had a bigger one [Hank...right] but we've had our cat for occasionally we've had a bigger one [Hank...right] but we've had our cat for

31:31

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[blank] [blank]

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Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)