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Transcription Conventions		Examples
Language	English (Australian)	“Colour” not “Color”, “Organise” not “Organize”
Contractions	Transcribe as you hear them	“Shoulda”, “Didn’t”
Filled Pauses & Hesitations	Transcribe as you hear them	“ah”, “eh”, “um”
Noise	Transcribe in brackets; use descriptive language	“And then we [door slam]”, “So cold! [Brrrrr]”
Numbers	Transcribe street address numbers as numerals, all other numbers as words	“11 West 40th Street”
Hard-to-understand	For speech that is difficult or impossible to understand, use question marks before and after	“And she told me that ?I should just leave?”, “Her name was ?inaudible?”
Truncated Words	Sometimes words may seem to be repeated from the end of one line to the start of the next. Transcribe these as you hear them and use your best judgment
Partial words	If someone stops speaking in the middle of a word, transcribe as much of the word as they say; follow it with a comma	“Tes, Testing”, “Absolu, Absolutely”
Multiple speakers	When multiple speakers are on the same line put 5 spaces between each speaker.

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We're recording. We're recording.

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(recording start noises) (recording start noises)

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Good afternoon, Bruce. This is Warren Grant and we're doing an oral history recording with Bruce Sahlqvist at his home in Grafton on Good afternoon, Bruce. This is Warren Grant and we're doing an oral history recording with Bruce Sahlqvist at his home in Grafton on

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Thursday the 20, 29th? 29th Thursday the 20, 29th? 29th

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of May 2008. of May 2008.

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Bruce, when were you born? Bruce, when were you born?

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I was born on the 5th of February 1940. And where were you born? Clarence Chambers, South Grafton. Yes. And where were your parents born? Parents born? Father was born in I was born on the 5th of February 1940. And where were you born? Clarence Chambers, South Grafton. Yes. And where were your parents born? Parents born? Father was born in

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the district of Caboolture. Yes. Place known as South Arm. Okay. the district of Caboolture. Yes. Place known as South Arm. Okay.

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Um, Um,

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and your mother? Mother was born in Maclean. and your mother? Mother was born in Maclean.

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How many brothers and sisters do you have? Two brothers, one elder, one younger. Yes. And their names were? Ian was the eldest. Yes. And Terry. Yes. Not Terrence, Terry. Terry, yeah. How many brothers and sisters do you have? Two brothers, one elder, one younger. Yes. And their names were? Ian was the eldest. Yes. And Terry. Yes. Not Terrence, Terry. Terry, yeah.

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Um, Um,

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what kind of a house did you live in, Bruce? Was it a timber home? Brick home? No, it was a timber home. As a matter of fact, second from the corner of this block. what kind of a house did you live in, Bruce? Was it a timber home? Brick home? No, it was a timber home. As a matter of fact, second from the corner of this block.

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That would have put it in what, on? That would have put it in what, on?

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I mean, what, what would have its address roughly have been? 132 Oliver. 132 Oliver Street, Grafton. I think it might have changed to 134 over the years, but it was a weatherboard home. I mean, what, what would have its address roughly have been? 132 Oliver. 132 Oliver Street, Grafton. I think it might have changed to 134 over the years, but it was a weatherboard home.

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Later years it was lifted and bricked in. Yes. Later years it was lifted and bricked in. Yes.

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1, 2, 3, 4 bedrooms. 1, 2, 3, 4 bedrooms.

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Internal kitchen? Internal kitchen, yes. Internal laundry and internal toilets for those days. Yes. And, and you would have had electricity in the house? Oh, yes, electricity, yes. Yes. Internal kitchen? Internal kitchen, yes. Internal laundry and internal toilets for those days. Yes. And, and you would have had electricity in the house? Oh, yes, electricity, yes. Yes.

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Um, Um,

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your family, how did your family get their food and where did it come from? your family, how did your family get their food and where did it come from?

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Well, the meat would come from Imeson's butcher shop, corner of Prince Well, the meat would come from Imeson's butcher shop, corner of Prince

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and Bacon Street. and Bacon Street.

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Um, Um,

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groceries mainly from groceries mainly from

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Gerards or Bloods, Gerards or Bloods,

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because they had home delivery. Yeah. They would come and get the order and deliver. Yes. Oh, yes. And Dad, of course, all the fruit and vegetables we could eat. Yes. because they had home delivery. Yeah. They would come and get the order and deliver. Yes. Oh, yes. And Dad, of course, all the fruit and vegetables we could eat. Yes.

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Um, Um,

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your clothing, your mother make your own clothing or it was all purchased? Oh, no, Mother was a good, good at the sewing machine. Yes. Yeah. Okay. your clothing, your mother make your own clothing or it was all purchased? Oh, no, Mother was a good, good at the sewing machine. Yes. Yeah. Okay.

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What school did you attend, Bruce? Grafton Infant School, Grafton Primary School, What school did you attend, Bruce? Grafton Infant School, Grafton Primary School,

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and Grafton High School. and Grafton High School.

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Um, Um,

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Did you wear a uniform to school? Oh, yes, yes. Yeah. Shoes? Did you wear a uniform to school? Oh, yes, yes. Yeah. Shoes?

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No, we couldn't afford shoes. We had sort of what they call No, we couldn't afford shoes. We had sort of what they call

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Jesus sandals. Right, oh, yes. Open, but done up, you know. Yeah. Later years we had money. Yes, yeah. Jesus sandals. Right, oh, yes. Open, but done up, you know. Yeah. Later years we had money. Yes, yeah.

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Um, Um,

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Which teachers do you remember and why? Oh, John Orm, who was the best high school teacher, the best high school headmaster. Yes. For the discipline. He could walk into any classroom and just take it over. Yes. It wouldn't matter what subject, he would just do it. Oh, he could handle all subjects? All subjects. Yeah. He was absolutely brilliant. Which teachers do you remember and why? Oh, John Orm, who was the best high school teacher, the best high school headmaster. Yes. For the discipline. He could walk into any classroom and just take it over. Yes. It wouldn't matter what subject, he would just do it. Oh, he could handle all subjects? All subjects. Yeah. He was absolutely brilliant.

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I only know some of them by their surnames I remember them. Yeah. Kryptonite taught us maths and he was brilliant. I was lucky that I was the head of the class. I only know some of them by their surnames I remember them. Yeah. Kryptonite taught us maths and he was brilliant. I was lucky that I was the head of the class.

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Or one year be head, next year be Neil Chase and then we'd switch around. But because I was good at it, I didn't have a problem with that teacher. Yes. We had a red, and I mean a communist, as, for an economics teacher that Or one year be head, next year be Neil Chase and then we'd switch around. But because I was good at it, I didn't have a problem with that teacher. Yes. We had a red, and I mean a communist, as, for an economics teacher that

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I didn't want to know. I didn't want to know.

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So you did well at school? Yes. Yeah, I got So you did well at school? Yes. Yeah, I got

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Honours in the leaving certificate. Oh, did you? Yeah. What year did that happen? That would be 19' Honours in the leaving certificate. Oh, did you? Yeah. What year did that happen? That would be 19'

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50? 50?

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1957. So I was seventeen when I went to uni, yeah, 1957. So I, I'll just skip there a bit for a moment. I was going to ask you what sport you played at school which we'll, we can talk about, but what, so what did you do at university? Ag Science. Ag Science. At Sydney Uni, yeah. Yes. And you, you've got a degree? Yeah, and I hated every bit of it and I've never used it. Okay. Training as a teacher. Righto. Getting back to your school days, your primary school days, what sport did you play? 1957. So I was seventeen when I went to uni, yeah, 1957. So I, I'll just skip there a bit for a moment. I was going to ask you what sport you played at school which we'll, we can talk about, but what, so what did you do at university? Ag Science. Ag Science. At Sydney Uni, yeah. Yes. And you, you've got a degree? Yeah, and I hated every bit of it and I've never used it. Okay. Training as a teacher. Righto. Getting back to your school days, your primary school days, what sport did you play?

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Primary school? Primary school?

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Oh, we had physical education and things like that, but mainly everyone had to be able to swim in my day. Yes. No ifs or buts. So where did they, this swim, swimming take place? It would take place at the end of Duke Street, Oh, we had physical education and things like that, but mainly everyone had to be able to swim in my day. Yes. No ifs or buts. So where did they, this swim, swimming take place? It would take place at the end of Duke Street,

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down from the police station. This was the days before the, the, Yeah, before the Olympic pool. Yes. That was built all round with wooden slats and, Yes. It, it had a walkway around the top where the teacher, swimming teacher could put a rope around you. Oh, right. And walk you around so you didn't drown. down from the police station. This was the days before the, the, Yeah, before the Olympic pool. Yes. That was built all round with wooden slats and, Yes. It, it had a walkway around the top where the teacher, swimming teacher could put a rope around you. Oh, right. And walk you around so you didn't drown.

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We all had to be able to swim. Yeah. We all had to be able to swim. Yeah.

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Tennis, I loved, I've always played tennis. Yes. But, That would have been in high school, would it? Tennis? Or in primary school? Yeah, but we also played, say, in the 6th class. Did you? Yeah. Okay. Tennis, I loved, I've always played tennis. Yes. But, That would have been in high school, would it? Tennis? Or in primary school? Yeah, but we also played, say, in the 6th class. Did you? Yeah. Okay.

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Do they still play tennis at school today? Yeah, my word, but Do they still play tennis at school today? Yeah, my word, but

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all contact sports were banned by my grandmother, my dad's mother. Okay. all contact sports were banned by my grandmother, my dad's mother. Okay.

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What special, on your school days have you got any special events that you remember like Empire Day or What special, on your school days have you got any special events that you remember like Empire Day or

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school picnics or plays? Yeah, well, I was in, there was four of us. Margaret George was my partner, Allison Green, school picnics or plays? Yeah, well, I was in, there was four of us. Margaret George was my partner, Allison Green,

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her partner. There was about four men, four boys and four girls and we always were doing a dance routine with the Russian dancing. It was ethnic type dancing. her partner. There was about four men, four boys and four girls and we always were doing a dance routine with the Russian dancing. It was ethnic type dancing.

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And rock'n'roll. Yes. I won the Far North Coast Championship when I was at school. Did you? Yeah. And rock'n'roll. Yes. I won the Far North Coast Championship when I was at school. Did you? Yeah.

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Those were the days. And plays, we had to be in plays. You had to do all of that, but because I learned piano at the convent, Those were the days. And plays, we had to be in plays. You had to do all of that, but because I learned piano at the convent,

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they always wanted me, anyone who could play the piano was always dragged into, to something. Yes. they always wanted me, anyone who could play the piano was always dragged into, to something. Yes.

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Do you still play the piano? Yeah. Yeah, right. Do you still play the piano? Yeah. Yeah, right.

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Okay. Did you have a family doctor? Yes, Dr Holland. Yes. Yeah. Now, do you know who his, David would know. Dr Holland's daughter married Hugh? Okay. Did you have a family doctor? Yes, Dr Holland. Yes. Yeah. Now, do you know who his, David would know. Dr Holland's daughter married Hugh?

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He's gone blind. Lovely chap. He's gone blind. Lovely chap.

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Hugh Harris? Hugh Harris, yes. Yeah. His daughter married Hugh Harris. Right. Yeah. Who was also a doctor? Yeah, who was also a doctor. And Jeff Hiatt took over, I think, Dr Holland's place. Yeah. Hugh Harris? Hugh Harris, yes. Yeah. His daughter married Hugh Harris. Right. Yeah. Who was also a doctor? Yeah, who was also a doctor. And Jeff Hiatt took over, I think, Dr Holland's place. Yeah.

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Of course you had the local hospital. Did you ever have to go to hospital when you were young? Of course you had the local hospital. Did you ever have to go to hospital when you were young?

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Well, Mum said I had to go to Queensland which had a brilliant hospital system then, to have something done with my sinuses. Right. Polyups removed or something, but I don't remember one bit of it. I was still in nappies, I know that. Well, Mum said I had to go to Queensland which had a brilliant hospital system then, to have something done with my sinuses. Right. Polyups removed or something, but I don't remember one bit of it. I was still in nappies, I know that.

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But that's, that's the only reason. I've never had a broken arm or a stitch. Yes. So did Mum have any home remedies that she used on you? Oh, yes, castor bloody oil. Oh, wasn't it shocking stuff? And a blue, blue bag for a bee sting. Yes. But that's, that's the only reason. I've never had a broken arm or a stitch. Yes. So did Mum have any home remedies that she used on you? Oh, yes, castor bloody oil. Oh, wasn't it shocking stuff? And a blue, blue bag for a bee sting. Yes.

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And molasses, which I loved. Yeah. And molasses, which I loved. Yeah.

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And yeah, if you had a cold, you never got antibiotics. You would have lemon and water and an Aspro. Yeah. And yeah, if you had a cold, you never got antibiotics. You would have lemon and water and an Aspro. Yeah.

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And it seemed to fix us up, didn't it? Oh, my word. It worked because And it seemed to fix us up, didn't it? Oh, my word. It worked because

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we weren't kept away from mud we weren't kept away from mud

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things, you know. things, you know.

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So did religion play a, play a part in your family life? Yeah, a big part. Yes. Mum, Mum came from a very religious family. Yes. Dad's side were sort of Russian Orthodox, but he never talked much about religion So did religion play a, play a part in your family life? Yeah, a big part. Yes. Mum, Mum came from a very religious family. Yes. Dad's side were sort of Russian Orthodox, but he never talked much about religion

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because they were high up in the Masonic Lodge, Dad's side. And uh, because they were high up in the Masonic Lodge, Dad's side. And uh,

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we all went to Sunday school. Yes. We were all we all went to Sunday school. Yes. We were all

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confirmed, baptised at the cathedral. Anglican cathedral, yeah. Yeah, as we called the Church of England then. Yeah. They shouldn't have changed it. No. But confirmed, baptised at the cathedral. Anglican cathedral, yeah. Yeah, as we called the Church of England then. Yeah. They shouldn't have changed it. No. But

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then we went on, all of us, the three boys, we went on to be servers, sing in the choir, you know, things like that. Oh, so yeah, it did play a big part of your family life. Yeah. then we went on, all of us, the three boys, we went on to be servers, sing in the choir, you know, things like that. Oh, so yeah, it did play a big part of your family life. Yeah.

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Did your family have a car, Bruce? Yeah, oh, 1949. Did your family have a car, Bruce? Yeah, oh, 1949.

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I remember that as the first V8 Ford out, I think. Oh, wow. And it was so heavy it could go through a I remember that as the first V8 Ford out, I think. Oh, wow. And it was so heavy it could go through a

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paling fence and not dent it. Was that the old Pilot, V8 Pilot? paling fence and not dent it. Was that the old Pilot, V8 Pilot?

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Oh, I'm not into cars. Yeah, no. But Dad always had Oh, I'm not into cars. Yeah, no. But Dad always had

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good cars turning over about every eighteen months or fifteen months. Yes. To do with business, you know. Of course. Tax. Yes. He had semi trailers, seven tons, he had three ton trucks good cars turning over about every eighteen months or fifteen months. Yes. To do with business, you know. Of course. Tax. Yes. He had semi trailers, seven tons, he had three ton trucks

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and a van which he would just do short deliveries. Okay. Did you have a bike or a horse when you were a young fellow? Bike, yep. Yeah. And of course I've, I've ridden a horse since I was four years of age. Yes. Love it. Yes. Mum rode, rode a horse to school everyday. and a van which he would just do short deliveries. Okay. Did you have a bike or a horse when you were a young fellow? Bike, yep. Yeah. And of course I've, I've ridden a horse since I was four years of age. Yes. Love it. Yes. Mum rode, rode a horse to school everyday.

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And of course we had the town bus service if you needed it. Oh, yes, yeah. Yeah. And of course we had the town bus service if you needed it. Oh, yes, yeah. Yeah.

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Um, Um,

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what employment were your father and mother involved in, Bruce? what employment were your father and mother involved in, Bruce?

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Dad started, when he left school he went and Dad started, when he left school he went and

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worked for worked for

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a firm, a, a big department a firm, a, a big department

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store in Brisbane, something and Stark. I've just, Oh, yes. store in Brisbane, something and Stark. I've just, Oh, yes.

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can't get my name around it. can't get my name around it.

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Read it this morning, but going senile. Read it this morning, but going senile.

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Um, Um,

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something and Stark. something and Stark.

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Dad worked there. Dad worked there.

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Mum worked here. Mum worked here.

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In Grafton? No, here, Eversley Guesthouse. Oh, Eversley Guest House. Yes. I must point out, for the sake of the recording, that In Grafton? No, here, Eversley Guesthouse. Oh, Eversley Guest House. Yes. I must point out, for the sake of the recording, that

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where Bruce's house is now situated, there used to be a very large guest house called Eversley Guest House where Bruce's house is now situated, there used to be a very large guest house called Eversley Guest House

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that was an institution in itself in the town of Grafton. And I couldn't tell you how many people stayed there over the years, but it was a lot. All the teachers. Yes. You know, it's, they had a billiard room with a billiard table out of Yulgilbar Castle, and it was a lovely place. Palms lining the, the walk up and Tennis court. Yeah, tennis court. Yeah. Yeah, it was a great spot. that was an institution in itself in the town of Grafton. And I couldn't tell you how many people stayed there over the years, but it was a lot. All the teachers. Yes. You know, it's, they had a billiard room with a billiard table out of Yulgilbar Castle, and it was a lovely place. Palms lining the, the walk up and Tennis court. Yeah, tennis court. Yeah. Yeah, it was a great spot.

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Um, so that's exactly where we're sitting at the moment, right where the tennis court used to be, I think. Not quite, but it might have been the dining room. Um, so that's exactly where we're sitting at the moment, right where the tennis court used to be, I think. Not quite, but it might have been the dining room.

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So your father, your father was still in Brisbane and he came to Grafton? Yeah, I think when he turned eighteen they were put out of So your father, your father was still in Brisbane and he came to Grafton? Yeah, I think when he turned eighteen they were put out of

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their position because they had to start paying higher wages. Right. And he came down to here their position because they had to start paying higher wages. Right. And he came down to here

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and I think he was offered the job here in Brisbane. Right. He worked for a chap, called Jackson over South Grafton. and I think he was offered the job here in Brisbane. Right. He worked for a chap, called Jackson over South Grafton.

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And he eventually took over the business and And he eventually took over the business and

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moved over this side where Wyksie is now. This is the Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange? Yeah, Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange. Yes. And then built the building fifty four years ago in Victoria Street. Yes. Yeah, where all the cold rooms and cool rooms were. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, we had moved over this side where Wyksie is now. This is the Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange? Yeah, Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange. Yes. And then built the building fifty four years ago in Victoria Street. Yes. Yeah, where all the cold rooms and cool rooms were. Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, we had

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two big cold rooms out at the back which sort of seal the apples in for six months or three months. There was two down in the front two big cold rooms out at the back which sort of seal the apples in for six months or three months. There was two down in the front

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one, two yeah. And there was two ripening rooms. We ripened our own bananas. Right, yes. With the local gas, that the gas company produced. Okay. Oh, they made the gas? They made the gas here, yeah, and it came through pipes to the house. Oh, did it? Or river. Yeah. For, just to ripen the fruit? Just, no, no, every household. Oh, yes. Oh, yes, this was, as well. when we had reticulated gas. Yeah, yeah. Yes. Yeah. And they had the big gas tank down in, Yeah. Pound Street, yes. one, two yeah. And there was two ripening rooms. We ripened our own bananas. Right, yes. With the local gas, that the gas company produced. Okay. Oh, they made the gas? They made the gas here, yeah, and it came through pipes to the house. Oh, did it? Or river. Yeah. For, just to ripen the fruit? Just, no, no, every household. Oh, yes. Oh, yes, this was, as well. when we had reticulated gas. Yeah, yeah. Yes. Yeah. And they had the big gas tank down in, Yeah. Pound Street, yes.

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um um

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Ah, what, when you left school, what employment did you take up? Ah, what, when you left school, what employment did you take up?

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Well, I went to Sydney, went to university, I was to trained to be a school teacher and I tried that. Well, I went to Sydney, went to university, I was to trained to be a school teacher and I tried that.

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Some - what they call Some - what they call

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prac teaching when you don't, you're not prac teaching when you don't, you're not

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qualified but, and I found I absolutely qualified but, and I found I absolutely

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hated it. Yes. I couldn't teach, there's no way and it's no good me going on with it. Mum and Dad were horrified but hated it. Yes. I couldn't teach, there's no way and it's no good me going on with it. Mum and Dad were horrified but

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from there I went to a ASOPA, which is the Australian School of Pacific Administration. from there I went to a ASOPA, which is the Australian School of Pacific Administration.

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And I passed there, did all the exams there, then I went to New Guinea. And I passed there, did all the exams there, then I went to New Guinea.

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But I was absconded to, This, this was in an administrative type position? Yes, yeah. Treasury. Right. But I was absconded to, This, this was in an administrative type position? Yes, yeah. Treasury. Right.

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And And

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what people don't understand now is New Guinea was United Nations, what people don't understand now is New Guinea was United Nations,

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Papua was Australia. Yes. Papua was Australia. Yes.

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And the United Nations were still in charge of New Guinea as such under government, Australian control. Yeah. And so we were virtually, And the United Nations were still in charge of New Guinea as such under government, Australian control. Yeah. And so we were virtually,

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I suppose, working for the United Nations. I don't know. Be paid by the Foreign Affairs. Yes. I suppose, working for the United Nations. I don't know. Be paid by the Foreign Affairs. Yes.

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And we administered everything. And we administered everything.

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Again, it doesn't make a lot of sense, but it did back then, for the times where we ran, well, I ran the jails in the Eastern Highlands. Again, it doesn't make a lot of sense, but it did back then, for the times where we ran, well, I ran the jails in the Eastern Highlands.

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I ran, I was in charge of all the cemeteries. Now, here I am, only a young person not knowing a thing about any of this, I ran, I was in charge of all the cemeteries. Now, here I am, only a young person not knowing a thing about any of this,

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and it, all air charters because there was no roads. Yes. If they built a road, the earthquakes we had about every month would destroy the roads, you know, so it had to be aircraft as your main and it, all air charters because there was no roads. Yes. If they built a road, the earthquakes we had about every month would destroy the roads, you know, so it had to be aircraft as your main

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form of transport. form of transport.

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What else? What else?

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Gold buying. Gold buying.

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We bought all the gold. The private person wasn't allowed to buy gold from the natives because they'd rip them off, you know. Yes. Also We bought all the gold. The private person wasn't allowed to buy gold from the natives because they'd rip them off, you know. Yes. Also

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if if

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transport transport

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were selling trucks, were selling trucks,

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you know, or excess cars or whatever, you know, or excess cars or whatever,

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you had to be there. Well, I had to be there to make sure that the natives didn't go mad with the price. They'd tried to beat each other you had to be there. Well, I had to be there to make sure that the natives didn't go mad with the price. They'd tried to beat each other

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and you had to stop it. Yeah. and you had to stop it. Yeah.

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You virtually had to stop it and start again and give them a lecture that You virtually had to stop it and start again and give them a lecture that

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they can't go above the value. Yes. You know, that was wrong to do that, to allow them to do it. they can't go above the value. Yes. You know, that was wrong to do that, to allow them to do it.

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And And

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it was hilarious, it really was. You know, they would try to beat each other because they were from different tribes. Mmm. it was hilarious, it really was. You know, they would try to beat each other because they were from different tribes. Mmm.

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And And

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they were all right in the end. They're marvellous people in the Highlands, you know. How many years did you spend up there? Oh, about seven. Yes. Yeah. Did you enjoy that time? Loved it. Yes. See, Goroka is like they were all right in the end. They're marvellous people in the Highlands, you know. How many years did you spend up there? Oh, about seven. Yes. Yeah. Did you enjoy that time? Loved it. Yes. See, Goroka is like

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oh, the climate is always cool of an night, days are never hot. No. You have wet and dry, they're the only differences, but perfect climate up in the hills. Well, up in the mountains. It's where all the gold came from them. oh, the climate is always cool of an night, days are never hot. No. You have wet and dry, they're the only differences, but perfect climate up in the hills. Well, up in the mountains. It's where all the gold came from them.

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And then, of course, my brother died. And then, of course, my brother died.

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And Dad wanted me to come back anyway. Right. You know, to go in the business. And Dad wanted me to come back anyway. Right. You know, to go in the business.

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Which I didn't mind. No. So you came back to Grafton? Yeah. What year was that? Do you remember? Oh, Which I didn't mind. No. So you came back to Grafton? Yeah. What year was that? Do you remember? Oh,

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around about 19' around about 19'

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1967, I think. Okay. '66, around about that time, '67. Okay. 1967, I think. Okay. '66, around about that time, '67. Okay.

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And um And um

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so you come back to join the family business? Yeah. Which of course was the Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange. Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange, yeah. so you come back to join the family business? Yeah. Which of course was the Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange. Northern Rivers Fruit Exchange, yeah.

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How many employees did the, the firm have roughly? Oh, yes, yeah. How, how many employees did the, Oh, employees? How many employees did the, the firm have roughly? Oh, yes, yeah. How, how many employees did the, Oh, employees?

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[Johnny?????] [Johnny?????]

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At least 9. Yes. Yeah. And were there any characters in those? Oh, Margaret, Margaret Leo. A wonderful person. She still lives in Grafton. She married one of the Gearys from Southgate. Yes. At least 9. Yes. Yeah. And were there any characters in those? Oh, Margaret, Margaret Leo. A wonderful person. She still lives in Grafton. She married one of the Gearys from Southgate. Yes.

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She could run that business. Yes. You know. And no one swore anywhere near her. She could run that business. Yes. You know. And no one swore anywhere near her.

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Had a beautiful temper, wonderful, and she was a good worker, you know. Had a beautiful temper, wonderful, and she was a good worker, you know.

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And And

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Earl Power. Well, he was always a gentleman. He worked for Dad right from the word go. Yes. Earl Power. Well, he was always a gentleman. He worked for Dad right from the word go. Yes.

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What, what area What, what area

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did the business cover in supplying fruit and veggies? Oh, right. Covered from did the business cover in supplying fruit and veggies? Oh, right. Covered from

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Tyringham up towards Dorrigo. Tyringham up towards Dorrigo.

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All of the Clarence Valley down to All of the Clarence Valley down to

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Yamba, Iluka. Yamba, Iluka.

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Trucks went down, Trucks went down,

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a full truck went down once a week. a full truck went down once a week.

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And And

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Power knew, really knew what everyone needed or wanted. We'd ring beforehand to make sure we had everything on board and then they would buy extras if they needed them and that type of thing. Then Whiporie, Power knew, really knew what everyone needed or wanted. We'd ring beforehand to make sure we had everything on board and then they would buy extras if they needed them and that type of thing. Then Whiporie,

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Baryugil, Copmanhurst, Baryugil, Copmanhurst,

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all those areas, Nymboida, Halfway Creek. So where did your product come from? Was it likely grown or? A lot in those days. We had colossal local stuff. All the tomatoes were, all those areas, Nymboida, Halfway Creek. So where did your product come from? Was it likely grown or? A lot in those days. We had colossal local stuff. All the tomatoes were,

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and beans. Jack Berry grew the beans out where the Orara comes into the Clarence, the peninsula there. and beans. Jack Berry grew the beans out where the Orara comes into the Clarence, the peninsula there.

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Bananas were all local and they were the best bananas. Jacky Collett and all that crew, all the Graves, they all brought the bananas in to us. Bananas were all local and they were the best bananas. Jacky Collett and all that crew, all the Graves, they all brought the bananas in to us.

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Then Then

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we would get a whole truckload from orange. A rail truck, which were big in those day. Yeah. From Orange and they would be full of oranges and lemons. Right. And I'm talking about probably six or seven cases. Wow. Then apples came from Stanthorpe. Yeah. we would get a whole truckload from orange. A rail truck, which were big in those day. Yeah. From Orange and they would be full of oranges and lemons. Right. And I'm talking about probably six or seven cases. Wow. Then apples came from Stanthorpe. Yeah.

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And particularly Armidale, lot of stone fruit from Armidale. And particularly Armidale, lot of stone fruit from Armidale.

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Lettuce were all local, the Gillberts' lettuce. Lettuce were all local, the Gillberts' lettuce.

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And then And then

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the Brisbane Markets, and they were good then, you know, for the exotics like garlic and ginger and the Brisbane Markets, and they were good then, you know, for the exotics like garlic and ginger and

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stuff like that. And the onions would most normally come from Brisbane, but occasionally we would get a truckload from stuff like that. And the onions would most normally come from Brisbane, but occasionally we would get a truckload from

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down from Orange, up from Orange as well. So road transport or rail transport? No rail. Rail. Rail down from Orange, up from Orange as well. So road transport or rail transport? No rail. Rail. Rail

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for Orange, for Orange,

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road from Brisbane and Stanthorpe. Dad sent his own trucks up. Yes. But Cromack & Tranter, I think, Dad was road from Brisbane and Stanthorpe. Dad sent his own trucks up. Yes. But Cromack & Tranter, I think, Dad was

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probably one of their first customers or something when they started, you know. Mmm. They've been there for many years. probably one of their first customers or something when they started, you know. Mmm. They've been there for many years.

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And potatoes were grown locally at Southgate And potatoes were grown locally at Southgate

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and Dorrigo, of course, Tyringham. and Dorrigo, of course, Tyringham.

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So a lot of it was local. That's good. Yeah. So a lot of it was local. That's good. Yeah.

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Fresh, not like the crap today. No, that's true. Fresh, not like the crap today. No, that's true.

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As David would know. We supplied Gerards, you see. Yes. Yeah, had to be quality. As David would know. We supplied Gerards, you see. Yes. Yeah, had to be quality.

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Um, Um,

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so you stayed with the business until when? so you stayed with the business until when?

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Oh, gee, now you've got me. Dad died Oh, gee, now you've got me. Dad died

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and What year did your father die? 1975. Yes. '75, '76. and What year did your father die? 1975. Yes. '75, '76.

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Couldn't find it. Yeah. Couldn't find it. Yeah.

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And And

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after Dad died, Terry took over the after Dad died, Terry took over the

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Fruit Exchange. Fruit Exchange.

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And then we, we bought out a fruit shop opposite the And then we, we bought out a fruit shop opposite the

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fire station. fire station.

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How, a retail. That's in Prince Street in Grafton, Yeah. In Prince Street in Grafton. Yeah, Bayzies owned it before. They started it up, Italians from Lismore. Yes. So we bought that out as well as having the wholesale. Yes. And I ran the one in Prince Street. Yes. How, a retail. That's in Prince Street in Grafton, Yeah. In Prince Street in Grafton. Yeah, Bayzies owned it before. They started it up, Italians from Lismore. Yes. So we bought that out as well as having the wholesale. Yes. And I ran the one in Prince Street. Yes.

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And see, we owned the properties as well. And see, we owned the properties as well.

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And Terry was And Terry was

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sick of work, that type of work, you know. sick of work, that type of work, you know.

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So we sold up. Right. You know. Sold the lot? Sold the lot, freehold, everything. Yes. So we sold up. Right. You know. Sold the lot? Sold the lot, freehold, everything. Yes.

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You must have got married about, some time around about this time? 1974, I think it was. Yes. You must have got married about, some time around about this time? 1974, I think it was. Yes.

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And. Yes. And you married who? And. Yes. And you married who?

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Helen Robinson, whose father and mother owned Gus Robinson's Pty Ltd, Helen Robinson, whose father and mother owned Gus Robinson's Pty Ltd,

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which was a big furniture store. Electrical? They had separate electrical stores, they had separate carpet stores. Made the curtains for the home. Yes. You'd virtually get everything there to set a house up. Yes. which was a big furniture store. Electrical? They had separate electrical stores, they had separate carpet stores. Made the curtains for the home. Yes. You'd virtually get everything there to set a house up. Yes.

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So have there been any offspring from your marriage? No, unfortunately. No. Okay. So Bruce, So have there been any offspring from your marriage? No, unfortunately. No. Okay. So Bruce,

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we're still talking about you, of course, and after you've sold the business out, what did you do then? we're still talking about you, of course, and after you've sold the business out, what did you do then?

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Went into the funeral business. That's a remarkable change. That's a quantum leap. Well, I, I knew a lot of it from New Guinea, but up there we dug more up than what we buried. Right. Because the coastal boys would come up to work. They never employed locals. They wanted to ship them all around the country. Yes. And they would die there. And then seven years later, they could come and get the bones. And the bones Went into the funeral business. That's a remarkable change. That's a quantum leap. Well, I, I knew a lot of it from New Guinea, but up there we dug more up than what we buried. Right. Because the coastal boys would come up to work. They never employed locals. They wanted to ship them all around the country. Yes. And they would die there. And then seven years later, they could come and get the bones. And the bones

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were what they were interested in. Not a body as such, just the bones. Yes. And then Bill Renwick asked me if I'd work for him. He owned Renwick Funerals. were what they were interested in. Not a body as such, just the bones. Yes. And then Bill Renwick asked me if I'd work for him. He owned Renwick Funerals.

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And I said, "Yeah, no problem." I'm not frightened of a dead body. I've seen plenty of them up there. And And I said, "Yeah, no problem." I'm not frightened of a dead body. I've seen plenty of them up there. And

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also we had a contract with Grafton City Council also we had a contract with Grafton City Council

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for for

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the cemetery on this side, the old cemetery, Grafton. The old cemetery at South Grafton. You know, just do the lawns, keep it tidy. Also with the tech college and with the railway, we did all the railway land as well. This is part of that Renwick's business? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, we built that up and the cemetery on this side, the old cemetery, Grafton. The old cemetery at South Grafton. You know, just do the lawns, keep it tidy. Also with the tech college and with the railway, we did all the railway land as well. This is part of that Renwick's business? Yeah. Yeah. Yeah, we built that up and

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So it must have been about this time that you, you took an interest in local government? Mmm. So it must have been about this time that you, you took an interest in local government? Mmm.

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When did you first run for local government? 1983. Yes. When did you first run for local government? 1983. Yes.

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To 19' To 19'

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'99. That was your total time? Total time. Yes. Now, a considerable amount of that time you were actually the mayor? Yeah, I was mayor from 1993 to 1996. Yes. '99. That was your total time? Total time. Yes. Now, a considerable amount of that time you were actually the mayor? Yeah, I was mayor from 1993 to 1996. Yes.

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Deputy from Deputy from

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'93 and '96 to '97. '93 and '96 to '97.

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I was also a director of Northern Rivers Electricity I was also a director of Northern Rivers Electricity

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from '87 to '91 and '91 to '95 for eight years. Right. That was, that was a delegate from the council? From the council, yeah. To the - to the Northern Rivers County Council? Yes, the best thing anyone could belong to. Yes. Beautiful clothes, from '87 to '91 and '91 to '95 for eight years. Right. That was, that was a delegate from the council? From the council, yeah. To the - to the Northern Rivers County Council? Yes, the best thing anyone could belong to. Yes. Beautiful clothes,

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lavish conferences. lavish conferences.

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The The

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while you are talking about your your life in the local government, while you are talking about your your life in the local government,

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there was a fair, there was quite considerable achievements made in your time. there was a fair, there was quite considerable achievements made in your time.

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Would you like to recall any of these? Would you like to recall any of these?

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Well, there is, well, it wasn't through me, you know, we were a team. You were a team. We were a good team. Mmm. We could fight, but that didn't matter, we were a good team. Well, there is, well, it wasn't through me, you know, we were a team. You were a team. We were a good team. Mmm. We could fight, but that didn't matter, we were a good team.

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Because the library, which is my first love, I was, I've been the library Because the library, which is my first love, I was, I've been the library

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delegate and library chairman for the Clarence Regional Library for most of the time I was on council. delegate and library chairman for the Clarence Regional Library for most of the time I was on council.

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And we've built that up, the books up, And we've built that up, the books up,

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and also a travelling and also a travelling

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bookmobile that would go to the outer. That, that has been a, a great thing for the people in the district. Yeah. Of the district. Absolutely brilliant. And they're still going strong. Yes. bookmobile that would go to the outer. That, that has been a, a great thing for the people in the district. Yeah. Of the district. Absolutely brilliant. And they're still going strong. Yes.

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And we got to know all the other people mixed up with libraries throughout the state. And we got to know all the other people mixed up with libraries throughout the state.

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Then there was that park in South Grafton Then there was that park in South Grafton

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near the RSL club. near the RSL club.

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It was all, all developed. Yes. It was all, all developed. Yes.

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See, I had a thing about not having my name on plaques. See, I had a thing about not having my name on plaques.

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I didn't want my name on plaques, opening things or anything else, I just, I didn't want my name on plaques, opening things or anything else, I just,

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it just wasn't me. Yes. it just wasn't me. Yes.

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And And

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there was a lot of little things that turned out to be good things. there was a lot of little things that turned out to be good things.

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I was also, when I was in Rotary, I was I was also, when I was in Rotary, I was

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um, youth exchange officer um, youth exchange officer

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for the district covering America and Canada. for the district covering America and Canada.

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And each Jacaranda we brought all the exchange students in the area to Grafton to have a week of fun. Yes. And they still do this? Yeah. And we got to know all of them. That was fantastic. Yes. And I, myself, I mean I will blow the trumpet on this one, brought the Marching Koalas to Grafton. Oh, yes. Brilliant band. Yes. I took it out of the mayor's allowance. Couldn't have done a better thing, you know. And each Jacaranda we brought all the exchange students in the area to Grafton to have a week of fun. Yes. And they still do this? Yeah. And we got to know all of them. That was fantastic. Yes. And I, myself, I mean I will blow the trumpet on this one, brought the Marching Koalas to Grafton. Oh, yes. Brilliant band. Yes. I took it out of the mayor's allowance. Couldn't have done a better thing, you know.

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And a big hit. And a big hit.

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And I thought encouraged the kids all the way through. All of them, you know? And I thought encouraged the kids all the way through. All of them, you know?

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Um, because Mike Emerson, myself and Tom Dennis, who was the principal of the tech college. Yes. We started the youth Um, because Mike Emerson, myself and Tom Dennis, who was the principal of the tech college. Yes. We started the youth

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youth support scheme which was a Commonwealth youth support scheme which was a Commonwealth

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thing that paid people to come in and run it, but we had, we had to select them thing that paid people to come in and run it, but we had, we had to select them

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and they taught living skills and and they taught living skills and

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most of them that attended there actually went on to have jobs. most of them that attended there actually went on to have jobs.

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Yes. Which is unusual. Yes. It was at the School of Arts. We ran the whole School of Arts. And then Fran came and took over. That's Fran Hampshire. Yes. Yes. Which is unusual. Yes. It was at the School of Arts. We ran the whole School of Arts. And then Fran came and took over. That's Fran Hampshire. Yes.

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Oh, yes, there was a Oh, yes, there was a

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the jazz the jazz

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festival, which um, I couldn't see why it didn't work. Well, it did work for a few years. It did. Kevin Mailing was right behind it, but festival, which um, I couldn't see why it didn't work. Well, it did work for a few years. It did. Kevin Mailing was right behind it, but

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the interest was lost, not by the people, by council. the interest was lost, not by the people, by council.

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Because that's where I have Because that's where I have

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seen seen

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a certificate of appreciation from the Mayor of New Orleans. Right. When I went over there. Oh, yes. Yeah. Okay. And also our sister city relationships with Japan. Yes. a certificate of appreciation from the Mayor of New Orleans. Right. When I went over there. Oh, yes. Yeah. Okay. And also our sister city relationships with Japan. Yes.

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What a lot of people don't know. Did you ever visit? Oh, yes. Yeah. Yeah, but it wasn't a council delegation, it was myself and Ray Smith, the general manager. What was the name of this, this sister city? Izunagaoka. Yes. In Japan? In Japan, yes. Yes. Okay. Lovely area compatible with sort of Grafton, same, not quite as hot in the summertime, What a lot of people don't know. Did you ever visit? Oh, yes. Yeah. Yeah, but it wasn't a council delegation, it was myself and Ray Smith, the general manager. What was the name of this, this sister city? Izunagaoka. Yes. In Japan? In Japan, yes. Yes. Okay. Lovely area compatible with sort of Grafton, same, not quite as hot in the summertime,

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plenty of rain, green, it was rural, plenty of rain, green, it was rural,

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um, um,

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and the people were fantastic, really nice people. and the people were fantastic, really nice people.

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And what again, a lot of people don't know. They say, "Oh, it cost all this money." Only two of us went. And what again, a lot of people don't know. They say, "Oh, it cost all this money." Only two of us went.

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And a lot of the time, the Japanese put us up. We didn't have to pay anything. And a lot of the time, the Japanese put us up. We didn't have to pay anything.

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Only in Tokyo when we arrived and when we left. Only in Tokyo when we arrived and when we left.

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But we presented them with, But we presented them with,

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Chappa Welham's made us a, Chappa Welham's made us a,

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made me a big jacaranda bowl. made me a big jacaranda bowl.

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And the bit he took out of the middle, And the bit he took out of the middle,

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he made a smaller bowl. he made a smaller bowl.

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And so I presented the city And so I presented the city

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with that bowl from us, and the smaller one with that bowl from us, and the smaller one

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to the mayor to keep. to the mayor to keep.

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And then as we were leaving, we were at the airport to leave, And then as we were leaving, we were at the airport to leave,

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Greta and Greta and

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the mayor's secretary asked me to the mayor's secretary asked me to

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send him over seven hundred and ninety eight send him over seven hundred and ninety eight

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jacaranda bowls. jacaranda bowls.

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One for each member of the Diet in Tokyo. One for each member of the Diet in Tokyo.

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And of course, I thought, gee, you know, I mean, come on. And of course, I thought, gee, you know, I mean, come on.

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And And

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when, I had to have the money forwarded. It's not that I didn't trust them, but when you take on that responsibility, it was over $49,000, when, I had to have the money forwarded. It's not that I didn't trust them, but when you take on that responsibility, it was over $49,000,

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umm umm

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and we had to be sure and it was. I mean, I've learned that their word is their bond. Mmm. and we had to be sure and it was. I mean, I've learned that their word is their bond. Mmm.

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They wouldn't lose face for anything. Mmm. So when people say, "Oh, nothing came of it," that's just one example They wouldn't lose face for anything. Mmm. So when people say, "Oh, nothing came of it," that's just one example

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of a local craftsman of a local craftsman

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getting such a wonderful order. It set up machinery for him and everything. Oh, right. The whole family worked on it. Yeah. Yeah. See, it had to be all seasoned, but, dried. And we've actually had honeymooners come here from that area getting such a wonderful order. It set up machinery for him and everything. Oh, right. The whole family worked on it. Yeah. Yeah. See, it had to be all seasoned, but, dried. And we've actually had honeymooners come here from that area

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because if the mayor tells them they have to visit Grafton, because if the mayor tells them they have to visit Grafton,

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they wouldn't say no. they wouldn't say no.

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You know what I mean? They, they're just like that. They're, they take notice and respect their elders. You know what I mean? They, they're just like that. They're, they take notice and respect their elders.

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We had quite a few of those. Then the whole council came out with their secretaries and everything. Right. Yes, I remember that, yeah. Yeah. We had quite a few of those. Then the whole council came out with their secretaries and everything. Right. Yes, I remember that, yeah. Yeah.

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Um, Um,

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and and

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that was good. We, also Ray and I went to Vanuatu. They wanted to start a sister city relationship, but they were too unstable that was good. We, also Ray and I went to Vanuatu. They wanted to start a sister city relationship, but they were too unstable

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to follow through. See, it's part French, part English, part native. to follow through. See, it's part French, part English, part native.

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It's all It's all

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they should have had independence completely, you know, but they should have had independence completely, you know, but

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it was good they come out here too. it was good they come out here too.

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But then the mayor we knew, But then the mayor we knew,

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they had a sort of a revolt or a riot and he was thrown out and someone else was in and, Oh, right. And then just sort of died from there on. they had a sort of a revolt or a riot and he was thrown out and someone else was in and, Oh, right. And then just sort of died from there on.

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The Solomons tried, The Solomons tried,

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but no one was interested. but no one was interested.

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While you were mayor or, was there any major infrastructure in Grafton? Oh, yeah, Shopping World. Shopping world. Yeah. While you were mayor or, was there any major infrastructure in Grafton? Oh, yeah, Shopping World. Shopping world. Yeah.

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Oh, yes. Oh, yes.

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No, they were good to deal with, believe it or not, the No, they were good to deal with, believe it or not, the

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McConaghy brothers. Yes. McConaghy brothers. Yes.

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They're not standoffish like they might appear. Mmm. They're business people. Mmm. They're not standoffish like they might appear. Mmm. They're business people. Mmm.

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And also something which I did not And also something which I did not

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agree with, I was voted down on it and I've always had my vote recorded against, was giving water to Coffs Harbour. Oh, right. agree with, I was voted down on it and I've always had my vote recorded against, was giving water to Coffs Harbour. Oh, right.

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And if you want to say I was paranoid, I was paranoid. Yeah. And if you want to say I was paranoid, I was paranoid. Yeah.

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Um, Um,

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what other councillors were on the council when you were there? Do you remember? Oh, yeah, Frank McGuren. He's since passed away. what other councillors were on the council when you were there? Do you remember? Oh, yeah, Frank McGuren. He's since passed away.

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And the best mayor we ever had was And the best mayor we ever had was

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Alan Dale. Yes. Because you knew where you were with him. He was brilliant. Shirley Adams. Yes. She was my deputy for one or two years. Alan Dale. Yes. Because you knew where you were with him. He was brilliant. Shirley Adams. Yes. She was my deputy for one or two years.

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Glyn Bodimeade the chemist. Glyn Bodimeade the chemist.

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Um, earlier on was Fran Hampshire. Um, earlier on was Fran Hampshire.

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Mavis McClymont who was brilliant. Yes. Mavis McClymont who was brilliant. Yes.

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Top person. Top person.

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Peter McKenna. Peter McKenna.

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Ian Fleming, who is now someone high in the Labor government Ian Fleming, who is now someone high in the Labor government

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Sydney. Right. Again, a nice person, you know, he was also a mayor for, a deputy mayor for twelve months. Sydney. Right. Again, a nice person, you know, he was also a mayor for, a deputy mayor for twelve months.

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Jimmy Ellem. Jimmy Ellem.

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Allison Pender, she was education officer at the jail. Yes. And good value, very intelligent lady. Allison Pender, she was education officer at the jail. Yes. And good value, very intelligent lady.

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I got up to ten. I got up to ten.

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Oh, Heather Rowlands, of course. Oh, yes. A sweetie and a lovely person. Yeah. Yeah. Oh, Heather Rowlands, of course. Oh, yes. A sweetie and a lovely person. Yeah. Yeah.

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People thought her a little dumb. She wasn't dumb, very intelligent. People thought her a little dumb. She wasn't dumb, very intelligent.

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There were others, but they might have been one termers, you know. Yes, yes, yeah. But yeah, they were well known. There was someone like Ron Bell and Arthur Lysaght, they didn't last a term. No. There were others, but they might have been one termers, you know. Yes, yes, yeah. But yeah, they were well known. There was someone like Ron Bell and Arthur Lysaght, they didn't last a term. No.

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Um, Um,

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so over the years you must have so over the years you must have

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witnessed some disasters like floods or? witnessed some disasters like floods or?

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Yes, and Yes, and

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again, you'd have to be a local to know this, again, you'd have to be a local to know this,

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when I was a kid they when I was a kid they

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seven days a week, they dredged the river. seven days a week, they dredged the river.

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I think that's where Oxenfords got a lot of the sand from and things like that. I think that's where Oxenfords got a lot of the sand from and things like that.

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And then, and they could bring a And then, and they could bring a

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army boat up army boat up

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and tie it up at the Crown Hotel. and tie it up at the Crown Hotel.

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Now you can nearly walk across there. Now you can nearly walk across there.

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And so when we get the next flood, like the floods we used to have And so when we get the next flood, like the floods we used to have

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years ago, years ago,

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it's just going to wash the walls away and do everything. The river is not set to take the volume of water that it could do or should do. it's just going to wash the walls away and do everything. The river is not set to take the volume of water that it could do or should do.

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I know I know

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first big one first big one

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no, we lived at Alice Street too originally. Mum bought that place out there. no, we lived at Alice Street too originally. Mum bought that place out there.

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Then got this one Then got this one

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and and

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first year we were there it flooded. It came into the house about, first year we were there it flooded. It came into the house about,

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just from memory, about two feet, two or three feet. just from memory, about two feet, two or three feet.

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And that's when Dad lifted the house. And that's when Dad lifted the house.

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Gus Robinson lifted his first, Helen's father. Yes. We were the second. Everyone was watching. Yes. And then the Frank Robinson, John Robinson, they raised their house. Oh, yeah. And Tom Baker. That's just in this street. Yeah, it really happened, didn't it? Yeah. They went up like mushrooms, so to speak. Yeah. Gus Robinson lifted his first, Helen's father. Yes. We were the second. Everyone was watching. Yes. And then the Frank Robinson, John Robinson, they raised their house. Oh, yeah. And Tom Baker. That's just in this street. Yeah, it really happened, didn't it? Yeah. They went up like mushrooms, so to speak. Yeah.

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And I've never found floods destructive. And I've never found floods destructive.

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I know there's a bit of destruction there, but when I see bushfires out west, I know there's a bit of destruction there, but when I see bushfires out west,

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we are lucky that we have floods. Well, we've got time to do something about things, haven't we? Yeah. And some, Mum taught us early when we were kids she taught us how you treat a flood. Yeah. we are lucky that we have floods. Well, we've got time to do something about things, haven't we? Yeah. And some, Mum taught us early when we were kids she taught us how you treat a flood. Yeah.

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As the flood's going down, you start cleaning. Yeah. As the flood's going down, you start cleaning. Yeah.

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Now, she even cleaned the wallpaper with a toothbrush and there wasn't a mark on it when she finished. How did it affect your father's business? The floods? Not at all, because that wasn't in flood. No. It seems strange to be here there. Yeah. And this was never flooded, this land here, either. No. Never. That's where all our vehicles were parked. Now, she even cleaned the wallpaper with a toothbrush and there wasn't a mark on it when she finished. How did it affect your father's business? The floods? Not at all, because that wasn't in flood. No. It seems strange to be here there. Yeah. And this was never flooded, this land here, either. No. Never. That's where all our vehicles were parked.

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Dad had boats. He had two boats. He had trucks that people would Dad had boats. He had two boats. He had trucks that people would

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use to lift their furniture out and all this type of thing. use to lift their furniture out and all this type of thing.

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Gas was a problem sometimes, but Dad never lost any Gas was a problem sometimes, but Dad never lost any

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money, put it that way, because people needed food. Yes. And just up here was the bakery. Yes. That's the, Hancock. Hancock's Crown Bakery, yes. And they were doing the bread. money, put it that way, because people needed food. Yes. And just up here was the bakery. Yes. That's the, Hancock. Hancock's Crown Bakery, yes. And they were doing the bread.

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Dad had the produce there. The flood only trickled down through the shop, didn't go into any cold rooms, nothing like that. No. So it wasn't really Dad had the produce there. The flood only trickled down through the shop, didn't go into any cold rooms, nothing like that. No. So it wasn't really

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a disaster, for us, anyway. a disaster, for us, anyway.

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Um, Jacaranda Festivals, do you remember any Jacaranda Festivals? Oh, God, yes, do I? Um, Jacaranda Festivals, do you remember any Jacaranda Festivals? Oh, God, yes, do I?

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Good or bad impressions? Very good. Yes. They were happy. Yeah. Good or bad impressions? Very good. Yes. They were happy. Yeah.

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And we all had jacaranda shirts as teenagers, you know, the And we all had jacaranda shirts as teenagers, you know, the

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gaudy Hawaiian style shirts and gaudy Hawaiian style shirts and

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you don't see it anymore, but you don't see it anymore, but

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everyone was in a good mood. Yeah. And no destruction, none of this shaving cream or anything like that. No. We weren't allowed, we would have been whipped everyone was in a good mood. Yeah. And no destruction, none of this shaving cream or anything like that. No. We weren't allowed, we would have been whipped

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well and truly. well and truly.

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And I remember, well, the Garden Theatre's now gone And I remember, well, the Garden Theatre's now gone

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where Gordon Woods or Farmer Charlie is now, but they would have all the artists come up where Gordon Woods or Farmer Charlie is now, but they would have all the artists come up

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like Col Joye, like Col Joye,

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the Joy Boys, the Joy Boys,

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Sandy Scott, Little Pattie. Sandy Scott, Little Pattie.

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And they would have a concert in, These are rock'n'roll days you're talking about. Oh, my word, oh, yeah. In the Garden Theatre. Yeah. But I think the club paid them. Yes. They were the entertainers at the club. They'd put it on. For the Jacaranda, yes. Then And they would have a concert in, These are rock'n'roll days you're talking about. Oh, my word, oh, yeah. In the Garden Theatre. Yeah. But I think the club paid them. Yes. They were the entertainers at the club. They'd put it on. For the Jacaranda, yes. Then

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the crowning was mainly, well, not always, I remember the crowning around in the crowning was mainly, well, not always, I remember the crowning around in

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Pound Street. Pound Street. Yes. Yeah. In Jacaranda Avenue. Yeah. Yeah. And then they went to Pound Street. Pound Street. Yes. Yeah. In Jacaranda Avenue. Yeah. Yeah. And then they went to

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Market, no, showground, Market, no, showground,

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then to the Market Square. If it rained, to the Saraton Theatre. Yes. then to the Market Square. If it rained, to the Saraton Theatre. Yes.

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Talking about theatres. Hmm Talking about theatres, while you mentioned the Saraton Theatre, did movies pay, play a part in your? Oh, yes, yeah. Yes. Saturday afternoon was when you watched the serials, Batman and all this type of thing, Spiderman. You wouldn't miss it for the world. No. Talking about theatres. Hmm Talking about theatres, while you mentioned the Saraton Theatre, did movies pay, play a part in your? Oh, yes, yeah. Yes. Saturday afternoon was when you watched the serials, Batman and all this type of thing, Spiderman. You wouldn't miss it for the world. No.

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And And

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your pocket money you've got, I think it was about a shilling we got. Sixpence to go in, your pocket money you've got, I think it was about a shilling we got. Sixpence to go in,

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threepence to buy threepence to buy

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no, tuppence to buy an ice cream, no, tuppence to buy an ice cream,

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get a penny's worth of lollies. No, it was get a penny's worth of lollies. No, it was

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well, was so good, you had the Garden Theatre, well, was so good, you had the Garden Theatre,

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you had the Saraton Theatre as it is now, you had the one at South Grafton as well. There was a big theatre at South. Prince Edward? Yeah, Prince Edward. Yes. Yeah. Jenny Carlisle was the manager of them all. Yes. you had the Saraton Theatre as it is now, you had the one at South Grafton as well. There was a big theatre at South. Prince Edward? Yeah, Prince Edward. Yes. Yeah. Jenny Carlisle was the manager of them all. Yes.

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You never screamed, you never shouted. No. Or you'd be thrown out. Yes. You never screamed, you never shouted. No. Or you'd be thrown out. Yes.

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And I remember being there when the, the king died, and immediately And I remember being there when the, the king died, and immediately

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they played the national anthem, God Save the King. We all stood, they played the national anthem, God Save the King. We all stood,

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an announcement the king has died, this theatre is closed. an announcement the king has died, this theatre is closed.

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And we all left. And we all left.

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You know, that's how, Those were the days when the, when the Empire was really Oh, yes, yeah. Yeah. You know, that's how, Those were the days when the, when the Empire was really Oh, yes, yeah. Yeah.

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And of course we had the Criterion And of course we had the Criterion

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over here, which was a dance hall. over here, which was a dance hall.

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Just opposite here. It had a sprung floor, still has, beautiful to dance on. Then we had the barn, where we had dances and balls and Just opposite here. It had a sprung floor, still has, beautiful to dance on. Then we had the barn, where we had dances and balls and

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And there was one down on? Trocadero. Trocadero. It got burnt down. Yes. Yeah, that was. That was on the corner of Fitzroy and Queen Street. Queen. Yeah. Yes, yeah. It was used a lot. We had big Rotary conventions in those days. And you know, you'd get hundreds upon hundreds of people attending from out of Grafton and that's where you'd have, And there was one down on? Trocadero. Trocadero. It got burnt down. Yes. Yeah, that was. That was on the corner of Fitzroy and Queen Street. Queen. Yeah. Yes, yeah. It was used a lot. We had big Rotary conventions in those days. And you know, you'd get hundreds upon hundreds of people attending from out of Grafton and that's where you'd have,

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you know, your main you know, your main

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welcomings and all that kind of thing because it had balconies going around the top. It was. Did you ever hold any position in the, in the Rotary Club? Yeah, I was president in welcomings and all that kind of thing because it had balconies going around the top. It was. Did you ever hold any position in the, in the Rotary Club? Yeah, I was president in

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oh, oh,

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digging things out, digging things out,

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'81. '80, '81, yeah. Yeah, I was president, yeah. Yeah. '81. '80, '81, yeah. Yeah, I was president, yeah. Yeah.

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Any other positions at all? Oh, yeah, there'd be youth exchange as I mentioned. Yes. Any other positions at all? Oh, yeah, there'd be youth exchange as I mentioned. Yes.

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I wasn't treasurer. I was secretary though a couple of times under Gordon Blood, who was a wonderful person. I wasn't treasurer. I was secretary though a couple of times under Gordon Blood, who was a wonderful person.

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Very efficient. Very efficient.

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The type of person you love to hate. Yes. You know? I knew him well. Yeah. Did you have, were you a member of any other organisations in town? The type of person you love to hate. Yes. You know? I knew him well. Yeah. Did you have, were you a member of any other organisations in town?

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Ah, Ah,

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as a child, I was a CEBS, Church of England Boys Society. We'd go away to as a child, I was a CEBS, Church of England Boys Society. We'd go away to

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holidays in Dorrigo. We'd sleep on palliasses on the church hall, yeah. So you were never a scout or anything? Oh, yeah, I was a cub. A cub, yeah. Yeah. Too, too disciplined for me. Right. Ian was a holidays in Dorrigo. We'd sleep on palliasses on the church hall, yeah. So you were never a scout or anything? Oh, yeah, I was a cub. A cub, yeah. Yeah. Too, too disciplined for me. Right. Ian was a

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Queen's scout it was in those days. Used to go to the jamborees up in North Queensland and all over the place. Queen's scout it was in those days. Used to go to the jamborees up in North Queensland and all over the place.

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So have you done any world travel at all, Bruce? Other, oh, you told us earlier you went to Japan. Yeah. To the sister city. Now, this is not skiting, it's just the way things turned out. Just a question, yeah. Um, we went to America So have you done any world travel at all, Bruce? Other, oh, you told us earlier you went to Japan. Yeah. To the sister city. Now, this is not skiting, it's just the way things turned out. Just a question, yeah. Um, we went to America

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and we took Dad with us. He'd never been overseas and Helen's mum came. and we took Dad with us. He'd never been overseas and Helen's mum came.

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Because we've got really good friends there, distant cousins. And it was all through California, et cetera. Because we've got really good friends there, distant cousins. And it was all through California, et cetera.

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We've been to Hawaii, to Mexico, We've been to Hawaii, to Mexico,

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three times again to America. One was to go to Yale for the graduation of an exchange student that we had out here. three times again to America. One was to go to Yale for the graduation of an exchange student that we had out here.

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You actually sponsored this exchange student? Yes. Yeah. He'd always stay with us. And one from Germany always treat like, it's like home, you know, didn't matter where he was staying, You actually sponsored this exchange student? Yes. Yeah. He'd always stay with us. And one from Germany always treat like, it's like home, you know, didn't matter where he was staying,

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this was home. Right. And Rick Bettero, he was from Charleston, West Virginia, we've been there a couple of times. this was home. Right. And Rick Bettero, he was from Charleston, West Virginia, we've been there a couple of times.

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three times. three times.

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And And

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there was a story behind there was a story behind

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graduation. He, his grandfather was in oil, left him graduation. He, his grandfather was in oil, left him

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a big trust fund. a big trust fund.

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And he wanted to leave university and buy a boat and go fishing in Florida. And he wanted to leave university and buy a boat and go fishing in Florida.

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We said if you stay there and graduate, we will come. We said if you stay there and graduate, we will come.

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And we did. And we did.

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Treated like Treated like

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kings you know, they go overboard. kings you know, they go overboard.

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And we've been through most of America, been to a lot of places in Mexico, And we've been through most of America, been to a lot of places in Mexico,

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all the islands in Hawaii, all the islands in Hawaii,

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then Sweden, Norway and Denmark, then Sweden, Norway and Denmark,

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where Dad's side came from, Holland, where Dad's side came from, Holland,

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France, Belgium, Italy, France, Belgium, Italy,

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Germany, all those European ones as well. But the best one of the lot, the really best one was when we had a car, we went to the Edinburgh Tattoo because we're bagpipe mad and royalists with it. And Germany, all those European ones as well. But the best one of the lot, the really best one was when we had a car, we went to the Edinburgh Tattoo because we're bagpipe mad and royalists with it. And

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that was raised through Rotary. Rotary over there did everything for me, did the bookings and that was raised through Rotary. Rotary over there did everything for me, did the bookings and

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and then we had a car for three weeks and we went all over Scotland. and then we had a car for three weeks and we went all over Scotland.

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Only the highlands, we're a bit bigoted that way. And especially to the Isle of Skye where Mum's family came from. Only the highlands, we're a bit bigoted that way. And especially to the Isle of Skye where Mum's family came from.

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That, that was absolutely brilliant. Yeah. You know, it's unbelievable. That, that was absolutely brilliant. Yeah. You know, it's unbelievable.

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Of course, we were a bit bigoted naturally. Of course, we were a bit bigoted naturally.

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And And

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where else have we been? We, well, right up to John o' Groats oats and all over Scotland. where else have we been? We, well, right up to John o' Groats oats and all over Scotland.

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I had no interest in going to Ireland at all. I had no interest in going to Ireland at all.

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Um, Um,

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a lot of it sort of worked in with Helen 'cause Helen's parents took her overseas for twelve months when she was a lot of it sort of worked in with Helen 'cause Helen's parents took her overseas for twelve months when she was

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thirteen. thirteen.

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Then they went again when she was eighteen because her father knew he had cancer, he knew he wouldn't survive, so he was going to enjoy his money. Then they went again when she was eighteen because her father knew he had cancer, he knew he wouldn't survive, so he was going to enjoy his money.

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So they would make London their headquarters, then they would travel to Russia, everywhere they went, the Greek Isles, the whole lot. So they would make London their headquarters, then they would travel to Russia, everywhere they went, the Greek Isles, the whole lot.

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So a lot of them. I'd like to go to Russia, but Helen won't because she had a bad experience. So a lot of them. I'd like to go to Russia, but Helen won't because she had a bad experience.

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Um, Um,

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but then again, communism is not, it's not like it was then. It's changed. She's been all through the Greek Isles, but then again, communism is not, it's not like it was then. It's changed. She's been all through the Greek Isles,

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which we hope to do one day. which we hope to do one day.

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We will not go anywhere near the Middle East. Helen's been right through Egypt and those, but they were safe days. We will not go anywhere near the Middle East. Helen's been right through Egypt and those, but they were safe days.

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Yeah, done a bit of travel. Yeah. Yeah. Certainly have, by the sound of things. What about, Because we had no children. Yeah. Too. What about Australia? Have you travelled in Australia at all? Oh, yeah. Well, if it's not overseas, we go to Darwin. Yes. We have godchildren in Darwin. Right. We were there before Cyclone Tracy. Yes. We were there after. We were there for our godchildrens' weddings. Yeah, done a bit of travel. Yeah. Yeah. Certainly have, by the sound of things. What about, Because we had no children. Yeah. Too. What about Australia? Have you travelled in Australia at all? Oh, yeah. Well, if it's not overseas, we go to Darwin. Yes. We have godchildren in Darwin. Right. We were there before Cyclone Tracy. Yes. We were there after. We were there for our godchildrens' weddings.

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Alice Springs, Adelaide, Perth, Alice Springs, Adelaide, Perth,

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Brisbane a lot because of relatives up there, Brisbane a lot because of relatives up there,

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Rockhampton, Rockhampton,

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Cairns, no, Cairns, Cairns. Cairns, no, Cairns, Cairns.

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Um, Um,

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and there's a funny place up there, Lardale or somewhere like that, and there's a funny place up there, Lardale or somewhere like that,

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my aunty wanted to leave me a block of land there, but I wasn't coming into that, paying back rates. my aunty wanted to leave me a block of land there, but I wasn't coming into that, paying back rates.

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Yeah. Yeah.

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Plus all, you may as well say all of New South Wales because we would have conferences at Hay and places like that and we'd drive, Plus all, you may as well say all of New South Wales because we would have conferences at Hay and places like that and we'd drive,

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and Helen always came. There'd be local government conferences, there would be electricity conferences and library, library conferences and they were held all over. And we preferred to drive. It's, it's much better, you see more of everything. and Helen always came. There'd be local government conferences, there would be electricity conferences and library, library conferences and they were held all over. And we preferred to drive. It's, it's much better, you see more of everything.

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Have you been involved in any sporting interests at all? In the? Any sporting interests? Have you been involved in any sporting interests at all? In the? Any sporting interests?

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Sporting? Mmm. No. No. Sporting? Mmm. No. No.

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Not that way inclined? Not interested. No, that's fair enough. But I mean, I can ride horses all day, I absolutely love them. Helen's ten pin bowls twice a week and she's the secretary of, you know, group there and all that type of thing, but Not that way inclined? Not interested. No, that's fair enough. But I mean, I can ride horses all day, I absolutely love them. Helen's ten pin bowls twice a week and she's the secretary of, you know, group there and all that type of thing, but

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no, I've never, no, I've never,

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never really been interested. I mean fishing, yeah, I'll fish all day. Oh, you like fishing, yeah. Love it. Yeah. So would you fish all up and down the river? Yeah, I prefer a bank, Yes. Where, with a culvert coming in, you know, where the fish go up to feed and come out low tide and things like that, but never really been interested. I mean fishing, yeah, I'll fish all day. Oh, you like fishing, yeah. Love it. Yeah. So would you fish all up and down the river? Yeah, I prefer a bank, Yes. Where, with a culvert coming in, you know, where the fish go up to feed and come out low tide and things like that, but

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I won't go to Yamba. Yes. I won't go to Yamba. Yes.

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We had a house on top of the hill at Yamba We had a house on top of the hill at Yamba

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and it was our weekender, we went there every weekend, we were there every school holidays. And I'm not a beach person because of my skin. My two brothers would tan and everything else. and it was our weekender, we went there every weekend, we were there every school holidays. And I'm not a beach person because of my skin. My two brothers would tan and everything else.

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Hated sand Hated sand

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and it just wasn't, I never liked it. No. So as we're sort of coming towards the end of our recording, have you any special memories that you would like to tell us about or? and it just wasn't, I never liked it. No. So as we're sort of coming towards the end of our recording, have you any special memories that you would like to tell us about or?

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Oh, the dog world. Yes. Yeah. For, what is it? Over twenty years I had Rottweilers and showed them. Oh, the dog world. Yes. Yeah. For, what is it? Over twenty years I had Rottweilers and showed them.

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Before that Before that

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I had a Great Dane which I had a Great Dane which

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they are completely neurotic. You can, forget about them as a breed. But the rotties they are completely neurotic. You can, forget about them as a breed. But the rotties

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Rottweilers were gentle, Rottweilers were gentle,

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but they'd guard you, no trouble. Yes. Have you had any success showing? Oh, yes, yeah. The one but they'd guard you, no trouble. Yes. Have you had any success showing? Oh, yes, yeah. The one

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Rottsonvale Derek, Rottsonvale Derek,

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was Australian champion. An Australian champion, you know, inside Australian champions and it was because he was good breeding. You had to pay the money to get them. Yes. You know. And Helen's interested in them as well? Hmm? Helen's interested in dogs as well as you? was Australian champion. An Australian champion, you know, inside Australian champions and it was because he was good breeding. You had to pay the money to get them. Yes. You know. And Helen's interested in them as well? Hmm? Helen's interested in dogs as well as you?

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Yes, she'd come, no, she enjoyed the shows. Yes. She actually picked the breed. Right. The Rottweiler because we were walking along and we saw this baby in a pram, laughing his head off in a stroller, and we looked down and we could only see one leg, one foot. Yes, she'd come, no, she enjoyed the shows. Yes. She actually picked the breed. Right. The Rottweiler because we were walking along and we saw this baby in a pram, laughing his head off in a stroller, and we looked down and we could only see one leg, one foot.

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And here's the rottie sitting there, had the whole foot in its mouth, tickling with its tongue. And here's the rottie sitting there, had the whole foot in its mouth, tickling with its tongue.

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And Helen said, "Well, And Helen said, "Well,

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that, that, you know, that fixes me. That's a breed you can trust, you know," and, but Helen's mainly, at the moment she's got Tonkinese. Yes. that, that, you know, that fixes me. That's a breed you can trust, you know," and, but Helen's mainly, at the moment she's got Tonkinese. Yes.

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And they are And they are

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wild, they're wilder than a Siamese. Yes. wild, they're wilder than a Siamese. Yes.

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We've had Himalayans, Siamese, Russian Blues, all different breeds, but this is the one she settled on there. We've got two of these. Right. We've had Himalayans, Siamese, Russian Blues, all different breeds, but this is the one she settled on there. We've got two of these. Right.

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Oh, but we're both cat people, you know. Yes. But Oh, but we're both cat people, you know. Yes. But

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I prefer something that will attack a burglar. I prefer something that will attack a burglar.

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Well, Bruce, thank you very much for this interview. No problem. Are you happy with it? Yeah. Thank you. They were sensible questions, Warren. Okay. Have I missed anything that you, that you think I should cover? Well, Bruce, thank you very much for this interview. No problem. Are you happy with it? Yeah. Thank you. They were sensible questions, Warren. Okay. Have I missed anything that you, that you think I should cover?

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There was the cats, There was the cats,

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balls balls

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travel. travel.

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No. No.

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It's hard to think of everything. Yes, it is. You'll think of something ten minutes later. But anyway, if you think of it later. We know that, Warren. Yeah. So I'd like to thank you on behalf of the Clarence Valley Council for your time, Bruce, and it's, Yeah. And I'm sure that people in the future will look at this and, and get a lot out of it. Yeah. But what interested me was some of the people you've interviewed; top people. Yes. It's hard to think of everything. Yes, it is. You'll think of something ten minutes later. But anyway, if you think of it later. We know that, Warren. Yeah. So I'd like to thank you on behalf of the Clarence Valley Council for your time, Bruce, and it's, Yeah. And I'm sure that people in the future will look at this and, and get a lot out of it. Yeah. But what interested me was some of the people you've interviewed; top people. Yes.

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You know, Henry up here is, Yes. Is a thorough gentleman. Yes. Jeff Schweitzer. Yes. Is Jeff Schweitzer. Yes. Because I'm related to the Schweitzers through the Martin family. Oh, righto, yeah. He's a character. Yeah. You know, Henry up here is, Yes. Is a thorough gentleman. Yes. Jeff Schweitzer. Yes. Is Jeff Schweitzer. Yes. Because I'm related to the Schweitzers through the Martin family. Oh, righto, yeah. He's a character. Yeah.

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Alright then, Bruce. Well, thank you very much for that. My pleasure. It's fifty two minutes and four seconds. Alright then, Bruce. Well, thank you very much for that. My pleasure. It's fifty two minutes and four seconds.

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It's just that it's hard. It's just that it's hard.

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Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)

Choose A Speaker
(only necessary when speaker changes)