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This is Gai Winter interviewing Olive Green for the Email history project. We are This is Gai Winter interviewing Olive Green for the Email history project. We are
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in the Orange City Library and it is Wednesday the 10th of January 1996. in the Orange City Library and it is Wednesday the 10th of January 1996.
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Good to see you here at the Library and we hope you're going to enjoy being part of this Email project. Good to see you here at the Library and we hope you're going to enjoy being part of this Email project.
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Ah to begin with I was wondering if you could tell us Ah to begin with I was wondering if you could tell us
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a little bit about your life before you began working there and why you went to work. a little bit about your life before you began working there and why you went to work.
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Oh well the reason I went to Email was because I was left a widow Oh well the reason I went to Email was because I was left a widow
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with 3 children and I had to earn a living and uh then when I with 3 children and I had to earn a living and uh then when I
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come in from out back of the showground I decided I was going to go to Email to work come in from out back of the showground I decided I was going to go to Email to work
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and put name down and uh I shifted in to Orange on the 7th of November and put name down and uh I shifted in to Orange on the 7th of November
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and I started and I started
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at Email on the 21st of January [Gai] What year was that? [Olive] 1964. [Gai] 1964. at Email on the 21st of January [Gai] What year was that? [Olive] 1964. [Gai] 1964.
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Impressed that you remember. Ah 21st of the 1st 1964. Um and Impressed that you remember. Ah 21st of the 1st 1964. Um and
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where you an Orange person to start with? Had you always lived here? [Olive] I've always lived where you an Orange person to start with? Had you always lived here? [Olive] I've always lived
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around Orange I come from Lewis Ponds in 1st place. [Gai] Right yeah that's good. Uh so you were aware of around Orange I come from Lewis Ponds in 1st place. [Gai] Right yeah that's good. Uh so you were aware of
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Email and knew all... Email and knew all...
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Oh Email was there. I had relatives working at Email.[Gai]Hmm. [Olive] My brother-in-law Oh Email was there. I had relatives working at Email.[Gai]Hmm. [Olive] My brother-in-law
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Um, oh lots of people I knew and then when then I went to Um, oh lots of people I knew and then when then I went to
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Email I learnt.. I len lent... [cough] met Email I learnt.. I len lent... [cough] met
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a lot of others, you know [Gai] Which you knew already probably. And so how long did you actually work at Email a lot of others, you know [Gai] Which you knew already probably. And so how long did you actually work at Email
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then? [Olive] 15 years and...a bit over 15 years. [Gai] Uh huh ah when you went to work there then? [Olive] 15 years and...a bit over 15 years. [Gai] Uh huh ah when you went to work there
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were you trying for were you trying for
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the job you were doing? Or what sort of work were you doing? [Olive] No we didn't get no training when you went in, you the job you were doing? Or what sort of work were you doing? [Olive] No we didn't get no training when you went in, you
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know it's not like now. Uh, when you first went in they took you over and show you know it's not like now. Uh, when you first went in they took you over and show you
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what you wanted to do, what they wanted you to do and then they give you what you wanted to do, what they wanted you to do and then they give you
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a run through and then they come... keep comin' back and checkin' on you if you made a a run through and then they come... keep comin' back and checkin' on you if you made a
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Booboo well...ah they'd go crook Booboo well...ah they'd go crook
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a bit but not not the first week or so. [Gai] [laughs] Well that's good to know. And ... so what kinds of a bit but not not the first week or so. [Gai] [laughs] Well that's good to know. And ... so what kinds of
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work have you done.. um.. over the period of time that you've been there? [Olive] Um work have you done.. um.. over the period of time that you've been there? [Olive] Um
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we used to make washing machines. When I first started there were making um...ah..fireside we used to make washing machines. When I first started there were making um...ah..fireside
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heaters and for so long and then fans and then we'd go on to a front load heaters and for so long and then fans and then we'd go on to a front load
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washing machine that they used to make, plus a dryer and they'd make the dryers in washing machine that they used to make, plus a dryer and they'd make the dryers in
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the winter and the washing machines in the summer or whatever it felt you know they the winter and the washing machines in the summer or whatever it felt you know they
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needed. [Gai] Hmm as the market demands at the time. [Olive] Yes. [Gai] Ah so there's been of fair bit of variety of the work that you did needed. [Gai] Hmm as the market demands at the time. [Olive] Yes. [Gai] Ah so there's been of fair bit of variety of the work that you did
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 compared to now where everybody is just, are just making ah fridges basically. [Olive] Yes  compared to now where everybody is just, are just making ah fridges basically. [Olive] Yes
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it was different. Um. There was no pressure. There was pressure... we all worked with one it was different. Um. There was no pressure. There was pressure... we all worked with one
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another where as.. um.. If one got another where as.. um.. If one got
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a little bit behind the other one was in front people would come up and help one a little bit behind the other one was in front people would come up and help one
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another..um. [Gai] And do you feel that..that doesn't happen now because of the different system and the way it's worked? another..um. [Gai] And do you feel that..that doesn't happen now because of the different system and the way it's worked?
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Well I don't work there no more but I've heard that it you know it isn't doesn't Well I don't work there no more but I've heard that it you know it isn't doesn't
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work that way. Um but um, it was very good back work that way. Um but um, it was very good back
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then. Very good. [Gai] hmm, ah Did you leave did you leave because you retired or was that the stage? then. Very good. [Gai] hmm, ah Did you leave did you leave because you retired or was that the stage?
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No I left- I had to have a hip replacement and um, I never went back to work after No I left- I had to have a hip replacement and um, I never went back to work after
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I, um, my husband was retired so I stopped. I, um, my husband was retired so I stopped.
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And knew recovered obviously from the operation. [Olive] Oh yes I'm still- And knew recovered obviously from the operation. [Olive] Oh yes I'm still-
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[Gai] So what was your first job there, do you remember what your first job was? [Gai] So what was your first job there, do you remember what your first job was?
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[Olive] Yes I think we were some- making washing machines, and we had to put parts on to [Olive] Yes I think we were some- making washing machines, and we had to put parts on to
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wash onto the motors and then you had to put the motors- have the motors all lined up from to  wash onto the motors and then you had to put the motors- have the motors all lined up from to 
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do - and you had to do all that before they started making the cabinets and putting not all the do - and you had to do all that before they started making the cabinets and putting not all the
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rest of the pieces together. [Gai] You mentioned the laundry when we were chatting; the laundry rest of the pieces together. [Gai] You mentioned the laundry when we were chatting; the laundry
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was called the laundry because it was where you made washing machines- [Olive] Washing machines and dryers, yeah. And was called the laundry because it was where you made washing machines- [Olive] Washing machines and dryers, yeah. And
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that was in the old part of the factory now, which is all refrigerators. that was in the old part of the factory now, which is all refrigerators.
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Eventually they did make the big new- um, they call it "Sinfax II" I think now. Eventually they did make the big new- um, they call it "Sinfax II" I think now.
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And it's all refrigerators too, or freezers. [Gai] Yeah. Well, it's all And it's all refrigerators too, or freezers. [Gai] Yeah. Well, it's all
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refrigerators and freezers now. And so, um, basically during the time you were refrigerators and freezers now. And so, um, basically during the time you were
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there you were just shown what to do whenever it was needed- [Olive] Yep- [Gai] -and you were trained there you were just shown what to do whenever it was needed- [Olive] Yep- [Gai] -and you were trained
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on the job- [Olive] Yep, you gotta on the job- [Olive] Yep, you gotta
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arrange for it- [Gai] Yeah, you didn't ever have any outside training- [Olive] Oh no, no. arrange for it- [Gai] Yeah, you didn't ever have any outside training- [Olive] Oh no, no.
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The biggest problem was to learn the different screws. And the diff- you know, you had to have The biggest problem was to learn the different screws. And the diff- you know, you had to have
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Phillips Head and a straight screwdriver and, um, you know, all the different sizes. Phillips Head and a straight screwdriver and, um, you know, all the different sizes.
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[Gai] Do you think that, um, it was [Gai] Do you think that, um, it was
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a bit hard sometimes for women to be- they just weren't familiar with some of that, those, those things that a bit hard sometimes for women to be- they just weren't familiar with some of that, those, those things that
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some of the men would have known about from their own, you know, homemaking-? [Olive] No, no, I think the women some of the men would have known about from their own, you know, homemaking-? [Olive] No, no, I think the women
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did a better job. [Gai] Yeah. Why do you say that? [Olive] because the women could do things quickly with did a better job. [Gai] Yeah. Why do you say that? [Olive] because the women could do things quickly with
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their hands whereas men, it was too fiddly for men. [Gai] Mm. It's probably - their hands whereas men, it was too fiddly for men. [Gai] Mm. It's probably -
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I, I understand what you mean by that. [Olive] Cause when, when I first started at Email we didn't get equal pay. [Gai] No, no. I, I understand what you mean by that. [Olive] Cause when, when I first started at Email we didn't get equal pay. [Gai] No, no.
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[Olive] Yes. And, um... [Gai] And do you feel that the women were doing the [Olive] Yes. And, um... [Gai] And do you feel that the women were doing the
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same work as men? [Olive] Oh, yes, yeah. Only there was an odd job that the women same work as men? [Olive] Oh, yes, yeah. Only there was an odd job that the women
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couldn't have, wouldn't have done. [Gai] So that, that idea of equal pay for equal work hadn't couldn't have, wouldn't have done. [Gai] So that, that idea of equal pay for equal work hadn't
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come in really then? [Olive] No, it never came in until...oh, come in really then? [Olive] No, it never came in until...oh,
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I'm not sure. [Gai] While you were there? [Olive] Oh yes! It come in while I was there. [Gai] So, so women I'm not sure. [Gai] While you were there? [Olive] Oh yes! It come in while I was there. [Gai] So, so women
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were receiving were receiving
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equal pay during the time that you were. Are there any particular people who equal pay during the time that you were. Are there any particular people who
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stand out in your memory from the time you were there? [Olive] Oh, Mr Matthews I think was a stand out in your memory from the time you were there? [Olive] Oh, Mr Matthews I think was a
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um, David Matthews, I think he was the Super for the laundry section um, David Matthews, I think he was the Super for the laundry section
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And he was a very smart man, he always walked through and if you weren't doing anything he'd be, he'd And he was a very smart man, he always walked through and if you weren't doing anything he'd be, he'd
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ask you why. But he was always very um, he was ask you why. But he was always very um, he was
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very gentleman about it. You wouldn't know whether he very gentleman about it. You wouldn't know whether he
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meant it- if he said something you wouldn't know whether he meant it to be stern or um just  meant it- if he said something you wouldn't know whether he meant it to be stern or um just 
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makin' a comment. [Gai] Are there any other people that you felt contributed in makin' a comment. [Gai] Are there any other people that you felt contributed in
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the section you were working in the section you were working in
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or in other ways, you know, involved in your life at the factory? or in other ways, you know, involved in your life at the factory?
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[Olive] Once we got [Olive] Once we got
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our new building, um, we had, um, Dick Clark. He our new building, um, we had, um, Dick Clark. He
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was our Super. Um, he was just one of us. was our Super. Um, he was just one of us.
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He, you know, he was, we He, you know, he was, we
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never called him "Mister". [Gai] And, ah, any anyone else that stands out in your memory? [Olive] Oh, never called him "Mister". [Gai] And, ah, any anyone else that stands out in your memory? [Olive] Oh,
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[O [O
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a lot of people. Um, and, you know, a lot of new Australian ladies a lot of people. Um, and, you know, a lot of new Australian ladies
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that come in, and, uh, they, uh- the new Australian ladies were that come in, and, uh, they, uh- the new Australian ladies were
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hard to, um - it was hard to get things across to them but once you showed them something they hard to, um - it was hard to get things across to them but once you showed them something they
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never, uh, forgot. [Gai] And were there communication problems because of the language never, uh, forgot. [Gai] And were there communication problems because of the language
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differences? [Olive] Oh, no I don't think so, not really. differences? [Olive] Oh, no I don't think so, not really.
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[Gai] The fact you were War Women together, so to speak, did that mean you were- understood they [Gai] The fact you were War Women together, so to speak, did that mean you were- understood they
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had the same problems you had at home- [Olive] Yeah that's right. Well, we had the same problems you had at home- [Olive] Yeah that's right. Well, we
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couldn't understand them but they couldn't understand us either. [Gai] Well, were people couldn't understand them but they couldn't understand us either. [Gai] Well, were people
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friendly towards them? Was there a problem in terms of attitudes? [Olive] Oh, no I don't think so friendly towards them? Was there a problem in terms of attitudes? [Olive] Oh, no I don't think so
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I never picked it up anyway. [Gai] So your feeling was that people accepted new I never picked it up anyway. [Gai] So your feeling was that people accepted new
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Australians amongst the workforce there. [Olive] Oh yes, I'd say so. Australians amongst the workforce there. [Olive] Oh yes, I'd say so.
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so. [Gai] That's good to know 'cause I've worked with these people, heh heh. [Olive] Oh, right! [Gai] Um, so. [Gai] That's good to know 'cause I've worked with these people, heh heh. [Olive] Oh, right! [Gai] Um,
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have any special memories of your working conditions during your time with have any special memories of your working conditions during your time with
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Email? How did they change over the time that you were Email? How did they change over the time that you were
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there? What was it like in the beginning, how did it change, that sort of thing? Just the general layout of the plant there? What was it like in the beginning, how did it change, that sort of thing? Just the general layout of the plant
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or the, you know, hot or cold or those sorts of things? What were your conditions? [Olive] Well, when we first went or the, you know, hot or cold or those sorts of things? What were your conditions? [Olive] Well, when we first went
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we didn't have heaters I don't think. And then um, I think they used to have kerosene we didn't have heaters I don't think. And then um, I think they used to have kerosene
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heaters sitting around or an electric heater. heaters sitting around or an electric heater.
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And then when we went into the new building we had lp And then when we went into the new building we had lp
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gas in the new building and then it was pretty good until they opened the gas in the new building and then it was pretty good until they opened the
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Igloo doors as we used to call them, to the storeroom and then it was like Igloo doors as we used to call them, to the storeroom and then it was like
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a draft of- coming from the North Pole, South Pole [both laugh] South Pole. a draft of- coming from the North Pole, South Pole [both laugh] South Pole.
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Everybody in my section- I only ever worked it for about an hour or Everybody in my section- I only ever worked it for about an hour or
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a couple of hours or a day at a time on the stove when the stoves was there a couple of hours or a day at a time on the stove when the stoves was there
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um- but everybody knew everybody and it was just um- but everybody knew everybody and it was just
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as they always said, it was like a family in the laundry. [Gai] So you felt that, sort of, as they always said, it was like a family in the laundry. [Gai] So you felt that, sort of,
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friendship with the work mates, who you worked with. [Olive] Yeah, yes. It was, um, I think it was different friendship with the work mates, who you worked with. [Olive] Yeah, yes. It was, um, I think it was different
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to the other sections but then I might be biased because, um, to the other sections but then I might be biased because, um,
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we had a big team at one time, a really big team when they started the top-load washing we had a big team at one time, a really big team when they started the top-load washing
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machines, the new one. [Gai] And so the, the, there was a good machines, the new one. [Gai] And so the, the, there was a good
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feeling within each feeling within each
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section where people worked together as a team. [Olive] I think so. I think every section had section where people worked together as a team. [Olive] I think so. I think every section had
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their own, um, family unit. Whereas now, I don't know. I don't think there's any of their own, um, family unit. Whereas now, I don't know. I don't think there's any of
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that. Only by what I pick up with different ones that I know that still work there. that. Only by what I pick up with different ones that I know that still work there.
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[Gai] What, how did you feel about the [Gai] What, how did you feel about the
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like, safety conditions and that when you first went to work there and how has that changed over like, safety conditions and that when you first went to work there and how has that changed over
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working conditions, safety. [Olive] Oh, I suppose there's working conditions, safety. [Olive] Oh, I suppose there's
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insecurity in nearly anything you do, you know. If you've gotta be careful insecurity in nearly anything you do, you know. If you've gotta be careful
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[Gai] Were you operating any machinery that was, you felt was dangerous, or-? [Olive] Nope. We only had air guns or, we had [Gai] Were you operating any machinery that was, you felt was dangerous, or-? [Olive] Nope. We only had air guns or, we had
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to walk on rollers if we were going over tracks or things like that. to walk on rollers if we were going over tracks or things like that.
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Whereas now, I don't think they do much of that, it's all on- [Gai] Yeah, they've got little- Whereas now, I don't think they do much of that, it's all on- [Gai] Yeah, they've got little-
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And, um, did the union- were you involved in the- you were involved in the unions-? [Olive] I was- I got conned And, um, did the union- were you involved in the- you were involved in the unions-? [Olive] I was- I got conned
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into collecting for the union because, uh- only collecting the money into collecting for the union because, uh- only collecting the money
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first, ? I'm like Joan?, but, uh, then we used to get conned into doing something else, first, ? I'm like Joan?, but, uh, then we used to get conned into doing something else,
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um, going to the meetings. And, um, I can still remember Mr Hoy telling me um, going to the meetings. And, um, I can still remember Mr Hoy telling me
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'cause every time I'd go to a meeting the boys on the track'd say, 'find out if the 'cause every time I'd go to a meeting the boys on the track'd say, 'find out if the
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Laundry's gonna close, Olive, won't ya?' And I'd say, 'yes, I'll do that.' And Mr ?Hoy? Laundry's gonna close, Olive, won't ya?' And I'd say, 'yes, I'll do that.' And Mr ?Hoy?
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said, 'the Laundry's not going to close, Olive, it's definitely not going to close!' And about said, 'the Laundry's not going to close, Olive, it's definitely not going to close!' And about
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three years after I retired the Laundry closed, and they took it all to Adelaide. three years after I retired the Laundry closed, and they took it all to Adelaide.
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[Gai] So did you tell me you became a shop steward- [Olive] Yes [Gai] was that part of your job as a union [Gai] So did you tell me you became a shop steward- [Olive] Yes [Gai] was that part of your job as a union
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representative? [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] Yeah. So you did eventually become fairly involved in- [Olive] I used to go to the representative? [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] Yeah. So you did eventually become fairly involved in- [Olive] I used to go to the
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meetings but... um, yes, collect the money for the union and you'd go over and see what meetings but... um, yes, collect the money for the union and you'd go over and see what
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they could find out and what was going on and what the company wanted to do and what they didn't want to do. they could find out and what was going on and what the company wanted to do and what they didn't want to do.
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[Gai] So as shop steward you then had to come back and report the group what was going on? [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] So as shop steward you then had to come back and report the group what was going on? [Olive] Yeah.
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[Gai] And do you feel the unions did a good job in those days, for the workers? [Olive] Well, we got [Gai] And do you feel the unions did a good job in those days, for the workers? [Olive] Well, we got
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a lot of things, they did get a lot of things. But, um, I don't know, I'm not, a lot of things, they did get a lot of things. But, um, I don't know, I'm not,
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not been following it lately. But I don't know whether it's, um, not been following it lately. But I don't know whether it's, um,
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I think they might end up losing I think they might end up losing
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a lot of things that we got, all the, you know that people fought for back 25 years ago. a lot of things that we got, all the, you know that people fought for back 25 years ago.
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[Gai] And, um, the unions, do you feel the unions were [Gai] And, um, the unions, do you feel the unions were
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involved in helping, uh, people, like, were there often- how many- did you have many involved in helping, uh, people, like, were there often- how many- did you have many
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strikes in the time you were there? *pause* Did you have any strikes? [chuckles] [Olive] Oh, yes, I think so, yeah. [Gai] Any strikes in the time you were there? *pause* Did you have any strikes? [chuckles] [Olive] Oh, yes, I think so, yeah. [Gai] Any
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big ones that you were aware of? [Olive] Oh, no, not that went- extended for big ones that you were aware of? [Olive] Oh, no, not that went- extended for
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a very long time. Um, there was longer ones before I went there, I think. But, um, a very long time. Um, there was longer ones before I went there, I think. But, um,
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[Gai] Do unions, um, get involved helping the workers during any of those [Gai] Do unions, um, get involved helping the workers during any of those
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strikes that you were aware of? I was told that, um, by your friend Joan Townsend that strikes that you were aware of? I was told that, um, by your friend Joan Townsend that
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that, um, there was help to the families during some of the big strikes. [Olive] Yeah, well that might that, um, there was help to the families during some of the big strikes. [Olive] Yeah, well that might
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have been before my time. Um, because they were out at one time there for about, I don't know whether it was have been before my time. Um, because they were out at one time there for about, I don't know whether it was
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6 weeks, or longer... I'm not, I can't quote, Joan could tell you probably more. 6 weeks, or longer... I'm not, I can't quote, Joan could tell you probably more.
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[Gai] Joan mentioned that when there were, er, some of the big strikes were on [Gai] Joan mentioned that when there were, er, some of the big strikes were on
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because often two members of the family, like the husband and wife, [Olive] Mmm [Gai] were working at because often two members of the family, like the husband and wife, [Olive] Mmm [Gai] were working at
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?inaudible?, if there was then a strike it meant that both people were not receiving pay. ?inaudible?, if there was then a strike it meant that both people were not receiving pay.
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and she said that the local farmers had donated, um, stock to the abattoirs and the and she said that the local farmers had donated, um, stock to the abattoirs and the
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abattoirs had slaughtered the stock and provided food parcels, uh, which the unions abattoirs had slaughtered the stock and provided food parcels, uh, which the unions
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then distributed. So that was then distributed. So that was
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a combined, sort of, community effort to help the families who were struggling a combined, sort of, community effort to help the families who were struggling
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financially during the strikes, so that seems like a good thing that happened at the financially during the strikes, so that seems like a good thing that happened at the
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time when Joan was... [Olive] Yeah, well that'd be before I went there.  [Gai] Mm. Um, are there any time when Joan was... [Olive] Yeah, well that'd be before I went there.  [Gai] Mm. Um, are there any
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any significant events good or bad from the time you worked at Email that stand out in your any significant events good or bad from the time you worked at Email that stand out in your
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memory? [Olive] Oh, when the Queen came through.  [Gai] Um, you were there that day? [Olive] Yeah. Didn't memory? [Olive] Oh, when the Queen came through.  [Gai] Um, you were there that day? [Olive] Yeah. Didn't
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get too close to her, but. Um, it, get too close to her, but. Um, it,
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when, when, er, when the laundry started up and we started when, when, er, when the laundry started up and we started
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the new topload washer, the big one that they started to, they bought all the, everything used to the new topload washer, the big one that they started to, they bought all the, everything used to
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come from America, I think. All the parts and, uh, then when we come from America, I think. All the parts and, uh, then when we
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when we started making them for, uh, sale when we started making them for, uh, sale
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when we'd get our tally we'd have,  Mr Clark'd give us, uh,  a party at the canteen when we'd get our tally we'd have,  Mr Clark'd give us, uh,  a party at the canteen
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when we'd hit our quota. If we got it for a month in when we'd hit our quota. If we got it for a month in
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a row we'd get a, a party, um, afternoon a row we'd get a, a party, um, afternoon
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tea, and, you know, or beer or whatever. [Gai] So that was, you know, to encourage the workers I guess tea, and, you know, or beer or whatever. [Gai] So that was, you know, to encourage the workers I guess
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[Olive] Oh yeah. [Gai] because it made you feel a bit [Olive] Oh yeah. [Gai] because it made you feel a bit
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a bit, as though people took notice of what you were doing [Olive] Mm, mm. I think I still do it now occasionally, they have a  a bit, as though people took notice of what you were doing [Olive] Mm, mm. I think I still do it now occasionally, they have a 
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a barbecue. [Gai] Mm. [Olive] Yeah. I heard about one a couple weeks, a barbecue. [Gai] Mm. [Olive] Yeah. I heard about one a couple weeks,
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a few weeks ago and exception that got there was they'd had a barbecue. [Gai] I know they were giving out like a few weeks ago and exception that got there was they'd had a barbecue. [Gai] I know they were giving out like
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Christmas cakes [Olive] Yes. [Gai] in past years but we didn't get one this year. [Olive] Yeah, well, uh, no, I never got a Christmas cakes [Olive] Yes. [Gai] in past years but we didn't get one this year. [Olive] Yeah, well, uh, no, I never got a
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a Christmas cake when I was here either, but my son came home with a Christmas cake once and then he a Christmas cake when I was here either, but my son came home with a Christmas cake once and then he
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came home another time with came home another time with
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a bottle of wine. Um. [Gai] So, so that, just, it's just an, a  a bottle of wine. Um. [Gai] So, so that, just, it's just an, a 
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a good way of making people feel that they're [Olive] Yes. [Gai] part of the place [Olive] that's right [Gai] and, um, do you feel there was that a good way of making people feel that they're [Olive] Yes. [Gai] part of the place [Olive] that's right [Gai] and, um, do you feel there was that
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feeling of, you mentioned before of, sort of, the sections were like feeling of, you mentioned before of, sort of, the sections were like
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a family so there was that feeling [Olive] Yes [Gai] that people felt that they'd had a...  [Gai] uh, were you there at the time they made the a family so there was that feeling [Olive] Yes [Gai] that people felt that they'd had a...  [Gai] uh, were you there at the time they made the
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advertisement that included Bert Newton? Do you remember that event, or, weren't there then? advertisement that included Bert Newton? Do you remember that event, or, weren't there then?
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No, can't remember that one. [Gai] Yeah, a couple of people mentioned that Bert Newton has been No, can't remember that one. [Gai] Yeah, a couple of people mentioned that Bert Newton has been
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here for the, when they were making, um, um, an advertisement for the fridges, I think here for the, when they were making, um, um, an advertisement for the fridges, I think
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something like that. Well, the Queen was fairly important anyway [Olive] Yes [Gai]um, so you felt something like that. Well, the Queen was fairly important anyway [Olive] Yes [Gai]um, so you felt
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that feeling of being part of that feeling of being part of
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a community there, were there anything special organised for the different sections at all, or a community there, were there anything special organised for the different sections at all, or
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were you involved in any of the other things, like, you know sporting groups, or any of were you involved in any of the other things, like, you know sporting groups, or any of
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those sort of things? [Olive] No, we weren't involved, I wasn't anyway, but, um, we used to run those sort of things? [Olive] No, we weren't involved, I wasn't anyway, but, um, we used to run
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raffles to help run the, uh, Pensioner's luncheon over at Amoco every year raffles to help run the, uh, Pensioner's luncheon over at Amoco every year
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run raffles for all that and took up collections and, um, had donations, people run raffles for all that and took up collections and, um, had donations, people
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make donations out, weekly out their pay, wasn't a big  make donations out, weekly out their pay, wasn't a big 
18:42

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an ammountain, and it was... and we did it for the Police Boy's Club too which was an ammountain, and it was... and we did it for the Police Boy's Club too which was
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$0.20 a week or something like that. We took it over a $0.20 a week or something like that. We took it over a
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a lot of people who worked into a lot of money and then a lot of people who worked into a lot of money and then
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one time I can remember there was nearly 2700 people working there one time I can remember there was nearly 2700 people working there
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[Gai] There'd be about half of that now [Olive] Yeah, there'd be about 1400 I think. There was something about [Gai] There'd be about half of that now [Olive] Yeah, there'd be about 1400 I think. There was something about
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that the other day in the paper. [Gai] So, so there was a, with that number of people all those things would have made that the other day in the paper. [Gai] So, so there was a, with that number of people all those things would have made
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a difference. [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] Did people socialize together there or outside the...  [Olive] Well, we used to always have a difference. [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] Did people socialize together there or outside the...  [Olive] Well, we used to always have
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a big Christmas party at Amoco every year and, um, we had a big Christmas party at Amoco every year and, um, we had
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a Sports and Social Club run by Email, by the Sports and Social Club and we always had a Sports and Social Club run by Email, by the Sports and Social Club and we always had
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a big Christmas Party over there. 'Was wonderful. But now they don't even have that a big Christmas Party over there. 'Was wonderful. But now they don't even have that
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I don't think. [Gai] I think they have some sort of social ?gathering? [Olive] They have, there are social groups I'm thinking I don't think. [Gai] I think they have some sort of social ?gathering? [Olive] They have, there are social groups I'm thinking
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and they go out to and they go out to
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dinners, or... [Gai] Hm. But it's not that same atmosphere? [Olive] I don't know...  No, I don't think so. dinners, or... [Gai] Hm. But it's not that same atmosphere? [Olive] I don't know...  No, I don't think so.
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I don't know 'bout all the sections, but I know if, um, anyone'd been off I don't know 'bout all the sections, but I know if, um, anyone'd been off
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sick and they had no sickies or, and, you know they had no money, we'd run collections for 'em or we'd  sick and they had no sickies or, and, you know they had no money, we'd run collections for 'em or we'd 
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run raffles to raise some money for 'em and, um, help 'em through a hard spot. [Gai] Hm, which is  run raffles to raise some money for 'em and, um, help 'em through a hard spot. [Gai] Hm, which is 
20:09

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a good thing. And did the men and women socialize together or separately in your experience? a good thing. And did the men and women socialize together or separately in your experience?
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Oh, [pause] I think the..., mostly the men went to the  Oh, [pause] I think the..., mostly the men went to the 
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 pub to do their socialising. [both laugh] But, um, women had a  pub to do their socialising. [both laugh] But, um, women had a
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well I suppose they do more of going to the hotels and clubs now than what they did then. well I suppose they do more of going to the hotels and clubs now than what they did then.
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Do you feel, um, there's been  Do you feel, um, there's been 
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a change in that sort of way men and women work together in the plant or the a change in that sort of way men and women work together in the plant or the
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way men and women are functioning in our society as part of the, you know the, your experiences there way men and women are functioning in our society as part of the, you know the, your experiences there
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or changes over that time? Have you seen many changes do you feel over that period of time, the way...? or changes over that time? Have you seen many changes do you feel over that period of time, the way...?
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Yes, when we'd knock off we'd go home and now when they knock off they go Yes, when we'd knock off we'd go home and now when they knock off they go
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down the club, or... [Gai] Hm. Um, when would you 've down the club, or... [Gai] Hm. Um, when would you 've
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fitted in things like shopping and all that sort of thing? [Olive] Friday afternoon. [Gai] Hm, did you fitted in things like shopping and all that sort of thing? [Olive] Friday afternoon. [Gai] Hm, did you
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have a very structured life as have a very structured life as
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a result of having, like going work at a set time and then having to fit in your a result of having, like going work at a set time and then having to fit in your
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household tasks and your family? [Olive] Well you had to do..., if you didn't get in and do it, it household tasks and your family? [Olive] Well you had to do..., if you didn't get in and do it, it
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wouldn't get done. [Gai] Hm. So women in a sense had wouldn't get done. [Gai] Hm. So women in a sense had
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a slightly different role to play because men, as you say, could, well they could relax and go a slightly different role to play because men, as you say, could, well they could relax and go
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out to the pub but the women then had to take over the responsibilities of the  out to the pub but the women then had to take over the responsibilities of the 
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families, so they would have to continue, like, with the household duties or the shopping, or the other families, so they would have to continue, like, with the household duties or the shopping, or the other
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things they had to fit in, so [Olive] Yeah, well some of the men were things they had to fit in, so [Olive] Yeah, well some of the men were
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very, they say were very good. Um, I used to have to come down to do my very, they say were very good. Um, I used to have to come down to do my
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shopping. [Gai]Hm.  Being a widow at that time would have been different from your point of view shopping. [Gai]Hm.  Being a widow at that time would have been different from your point of view
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[Olive] That's right.  [Gai] And did you find a lot of differences that drew people apart there, language  [Olive] That's right.  [Gai] And did you find a lot of differences that drew people apart there, language 
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differences or religious differences,  political differences? [Olive] Oh, political differences differences or religious differences,  political differences? [Olive] Oh, political differences
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probably would. [Gai] Hm. [laughs] What about religion and language and those sort of things? [Olive] No, no, probably would. [Gai] Hm. [laughs] What about religion and language and those sort of things? [Olive] No, no,
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I don't think religion did,  had much to do with it really. [Gai] And the language area, did that cause I don't think religion did,  had much to do with it really. [Gai] And the language area, did that cause
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any problems? [Olive] No. I made some really good friends with new-Australian ladies any problems? [Olive] No. I made some really good friends with new-Australian ladies
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And men. [Gai] hm. [Olive] Um, you know, because they all were there to make a living, same as I was. And men. [Gai] hm. [Olive] Um, you know, because they all were there to make a living, same as I was.
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[Gai] Same problems? And how did, how do you think [Gai] Same problems? And how did, how do you think
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people at Email felt about other people in Orange, I mean, was there any attitudinal differences people at Email felt about other people in Orange, I mean, was there any attitudinal differences
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or, ah, that you were aware of in terms of you know working in the factory or not working in the factory or, ah, that you were aware of in terms of you know working in the factory or not working in the factory
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that sort of thing, where you lived in Orange, those sorts of things? [Olive] I don't know. I live in East that sort of thing, where you lived in Orange, those sorts of things? [Olive] I don't know. I live in East
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Orange and there's a lot of people rippin' East Orange as a slum area [laughs] but, um... [Gai] I lived  Orange and there's a lot of people rippin' East Orange as a slum area [laughs] but, um... [Gai] I lived 
22:57

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there too for a long time, so [laughs]... [Olive] Um, I don't know. I don't think it's where you live, it's how there too for a long time, so [laughs]... [Olive] Um, I don't know. I don't think it's where you live, it's how
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you live. [Gai] hm. [Olive] Um, with..., and your neighbours, and you get to know people... you live. [Gai] hm. [Olive] Um, with..., and your neighbours, and you get to know people...
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and you,  you can depend on em. I don't think it matters where you live really. [Gai] Did you and you,  you can depend on em. I don't think it matters where you live really. [Gai] Did you
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feel, I agree with all of that, but did you feel feel, I agree with all of that, but did you feel
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that the people had that attitude at one time more so than now, or is it, has it changed? [Olive] Oh, no I think it's  that the people had that attitude at one time more so than now, or is it, has it changed? [Olive] Oh, no I think it's 
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just as bad now as what it was then. [Gai] But there was that feeling... [Olive] The West side is just as bad now as what it was then. [Gai] But there was that feeling... [Olive] The West side is
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the West side [Gai] Yeah and East, East was the... [Olive] hm. [Gai]Yeah, of course now there's the West side [Gai] Yeah and East, East was the... [Olive] hm. [Gai]Yeah, of course now there's
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a lot of new estates up in that East Orange area that are very well set out like nice [Olive] Yes, and very well... a lot of new estates up in that East Orange area that are very well set out like nice [Olive] Yes, and very well...
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I think the people too. [Gai] Yeah, that's right, of course. Um, so things, probably I think the people too. [Gai] Yeah, that's right, of course. Um, so things, probably
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have varied a little bit over that time. Um, you were, you told me that you moved to have varied a little bit over that time. Um, you were, you told me that you moved to
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live in your present home which was near Email when you started work there, so you've always live in your present home which was near Email when you started work there, so you've always
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lived in that home near Email in the time that you worked there? [Olive] Yes. Yes. [Gai] Um, so lived in that home near Email in the time that you worked there? [Olive] Yes. Yes. [Gai] Um, so
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getting to work wasn't a problem? [Olive] No. That, um [pause] I s'pose getting to work wasn't a problem? [Olive] No. That, um [pause] I s'pose
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that it was probably, um... there wasn't a lot of houses going that I could afford that it was probably, um... there wasn't a lot of houses going that I could afford
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that, when I shift..., wanted to shift, and that one was close and  that, when I shift..., wanted to shift, and that one was close and 
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it was solid. [Gai] Hm, and how did you get to work? [Olive] Walk. [Gai] Walked. [laughs]Yeah, that's right so  it was solid. [Gai] Hm, and how did you get to work? [Olive] Walk. [Gai] Walked. [laughs]Yeah, that's right so 
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that made it easy from that point of view. And did you still have children going to school at that time? [Olive] No. that made it easy from that point of view. And did you still have children going to school at that time? [Olive] No.
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[Gai] They were older [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] then? So you didn't have to cope with you know all that... [Olive] Well, they didn't go to highschool [Gai] They were older [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] then? So you didn't have to cope with you know all that... [Olive] Well, they didn't go to highschool
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[Gai] No. [Olive] No. Um, my son [Gai] No. [Olive] No. Um, my son
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was the youngest. He woulda been... sixteen, nearly seventeen, I s'pose. He was workin'  was the youngest. He woulda been... sixteen, nearly seventeen, I s'pose. He was workin' 
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[Gai] Yeah, so you [Gai] Yeah, so you
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didn't have to cope with school problems in relation to... [Olive] No. [Gai] And can you remember didn't have to cope with school problems in relation to... [Olive] No. [Gai] And can you remember
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what the area was like when you first moved into that area, and, and has it  what the area was like when you first moved into that area, and, and has it 
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changed much in the time that you've lived there? [Olive] Oh, yes, it's been built up a lot changed much in the time that you've lived there? [Olive] Oh, yes, it's been built up a lot
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a lot more what it is now. [Gai] So, what was it like around that area when you... [Olive] They used a lot more what it is now. [Gai] So, what was it like around that area when you... [Olive] They used
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to play tennis on the tennis court across where you've, where you've seen how nice it to play tennis on the tennis court across where you've, where you've seen how nice it
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looked there today and they used to play tennis and then they stopped playing tennis and then looked there today and they used to play tennis and then they stopped playing tennis and then
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they played... um, there was a soccer group, used to play soccer there. It was they played... um, there was a soccer group, used to play soccer there. It was
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only a little cour..., um... [Gai] Field. [Olive] Field, but they used to play, um practice soccer there. [Gai] So, that was only a little cour..., um... [Gai] Field. [Olive] Field, but they used to play, um practice soccer there. [Gai] So, that was
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right in front of your house which is now part of right in front of your house which is now part of
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[Olive] Email, there used to be two... [Gai] the Email plant, um really it's all be taken over by, um... [Olive] There used to be [Olive] Email, there used to be two... [Gai] the Email plant, um really it's all be taken over by, um... [Olive] There used to be
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two homes on that side the... and, um, Mr Hadfield lived in one, and two homes on that side the... and, um, Mr Hadfield lived in one, and
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Watty Jonesy was an engineer at the factory, 'e lived in the other one. [Gai] Right, so, did the, Watty Jonesy was an engineer at the factory, 'e lived in the other one. [Gai] Right, so, did the,
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did Email provide that as housing for employees? [Olive] They were their Email's did Email provide that as housing for employees? [Olive] They were their Email's
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homes. [Gai] And they're no longer there? [Olive]Oh no, no. Mr, they shifted Mr Had homes. [Gai] And they're no longer there? [Olive]Oh no, no. Mr, they shifted Mr Had
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field's home, and him and his wife field's home, and him and his wife
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and, uh, then they only shifted the other one when they started all this re- , uh, 'bout two years and, uh, then they only shifted the other one when they started all this re- , uh, 'bout two years
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ago [Gai] hm, 'was all the re-development...  [Olive] Yes, they shifted it whole. ago [Gai] hm, 'was all the re-development...  [Olive] Yes, they shifted it whole.
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A person bought it, and they cut in two and shifted it. [Gai] Hm, so your view has changed in that time, it's gone from A person bought it, and they cut in two and shifted it. [Gai] Hm, so your view has changed in that time, it's gone from
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a tennis court to technical equipment. [laughs] [Olive]Yeah, that's right, yeah. [Gai] Yeah, and uh, and you've always a tennis court to technical equipment. [laughs] [Olive]Yeah, that's right, yeah. [Gai] Yeah, and uh, and you've always
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enjoyed a friendly local community in that area there? [Olive] Oh, yes, yes. [Gai] hm, that was good. Ah, and did your enjoyed a friendly local community in that area there? [Olive] Oh, yes, yes. [Gai] hm, that was good. Ah, and did your
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your friends, were your friends, um, people from work or people from your neighbourhood or friends from outside? your friends, were your friends, um, people from work or people from your neighbourhood or friends from outside?
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Where did they come from, basically? [Olive] Oh well, I had a lot of family but I've got, I had met a lot of people Where did they come from, basically? [Olive] Oh well, I had a lot of family but I've got, I had met a lot of people
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when I went to Email. And that was one I was ringing up there this morning, cause she's coming when I went to Email. And that was one I was ringing up there this morning, cause she's coming
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s'afternoon. Um... [Gai] So, you did make friends out of your time at Email s'afternoon. Um... [Gai] So, you did make friends out of your time at Email
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[Olive] Yeah. [Gai] Some of the other ladies I've spoken to are your friends, so that's good... how I got to know you and, um [Olive] Yeah. [Gai] Some of the other ladies I've spoken to are your friends, so that's good... how I got to know you and, um
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Basically, because you were a widow when you went to work there, you were responsible for Basically, because you were a widow when you went to work there, you were responsible for
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your home, [Olive] Yes. [Gai] and, uh, and also you mentioned about your gardening and all those things that you...[Olive] Oh, yes. [Gai] You enjoy your home, [Olive] Yes. [Gai] and, uh, and also you mentioned about your gardening and all those things that you...[Olive] Oh, yes. [Gai] You enjoy
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gardening obviously as... pasttime.  [Olive] Yes, I'd rather be out in the dirt than inside. gardening obviously as... pasttime.  [Olive] Yes, I'd rather be out in the dirt than inside.
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And, um, um, your children are grown up around this area here... [Olive] I've still got two here. One works at And, um, um, your children are grown up around this area here... [Olive] I've still got two here. One works at
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at Email. Um, been there for about fourteen years since abbatoirs closed. [Gai]Mhm, have you at Email. Um, been there for about fourteen years since abbatoirs closed. [Gai]Mhm, have you
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known this, I mean we were aware of the changed view from your home, uh, and the known this, I mean we were aware of the changed view from your home, uh, and the
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introduction of introduction of
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a lot of the new equipment there, are you aware of how technology affected your a lot of the new equipment there, are you aware of how technology affected your
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working life, did you, did you have to learn how to use the equipment and things in the working life, did you, did you have to learn how to use the equipment and things in the
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time you were there, at Email? [pause] [Olive] No, there time you were there, at Email? [pause] [Olive] No, there
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was, there wasn't a lot of that there then, the airgun, um, was about all we had to use I was, there wasn't a lot of that there then, the airgun, um, was about all we had to use I
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think and the elect-, you know the electricity to test things, and, uh think and the elect-, you know the electricity to test things, and, uh
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we used the airguns to put all the cabinets together we used the airguns to put all the cabinets together
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I don't think there was anything, there was none of the new gasses stuff that they've got I don't think there was anything, there was none of the new gasses stuff that they've got
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now. [Gai] Hm, so in the time you were you didn't have to get too involved in those now. [Gai] Hm, so in the time you were you didn't have to get too involved in those
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technological changes? [Olive] No. [Gai] But, but, as a technological changes? [Olive] No. [Gai] But, but, as a
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a result of what's going on in our society now, um, do you feel the technological a result of what's going on in our society now, um, do you feel the technological
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changes that have come in at work and in our society have made much an impact on your changes that have come in at work and in our society have made much an impact on your
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life. And, um, do, you know, subscribe to some of the more modern electronic gadgetry? life. And, um, do, you know, subscribe to some of the more modern electronic gadgetry?
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[Olive] No. I don't like it really. [laughs]  [Gai] Um...but, has it, has it improved your life do you think [Olive] No. I don't like it really. [laughs]  [Gai] Um...but, has it, has it improved your life do you think
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some of the things some of the things
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that are available now? [Olive] Yeah, well I suppose it's got to when you got, um that are available now? [Olive] Yeah, well I suppose it's got to when you got, um
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videos and all them sort of things, 'f you got time to sit down and watch 'em. videos and all them sort of things, 'f you got time to sit down and watch 'em.
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At Email, like, they would have come along the same route with the, um, introduction of automatic washing At Email, like, they would have come along the same route with the, um, introduction of automatic washing
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machines and all those sort of things, so they were actually providing all of those things for the home weren't they really [Olive] Yes, machines and all those sort of things, so they were actually providing all of those things for the home weren't they really [Olive] Yes,
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when..., they used to make a round tub with when..., they used to make a round tub with
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a wringer on the top and then, um they went from, oh, then, still they used  a wringer on the top and then, um they went from, oh, then, still they used 
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to make to make
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a front load washing machine, you know the big bowl in the front. [Gai] Hm Um, used to a front load washing machine, you know the big bowl in the front. [Gai] Hm Um, used to
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be careful putting that together because if you..., you could chip it. You had to be careful putting that together because if you..., you could chip it. You had to
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have the rubber gasket in the right spot. I got roused on a few times by have the rubber gasket in the right spot. I got roused on a few times by
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Jan. [Gai] [laughs] [Olive] Shirley victories in the. Coalition and Jan. [Gai] [laughs] [Olive] Shirley victories in the. Coalition and
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[Gai] So, the um, there was, some of those things that Email was making have actually been [Gai] So, the um, there was, some of those things that Email was making have actually been
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part of... [Olive] They've vanished?, they're gone. [Gai] Yeah, they've gone, ah, but they contributed in that sense to part of... [Olive] They've vanished?, they're gone. [Gai] Yeah, they've gone, ah, but they contributed in that sense to
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the changes in our society [Olive] Hm. [Gai] and have made life I suppose, supposedly the changes in our society [Olive] Hm. [Gai] and have made life I suppose, supposedly
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made life easier for women but in actual fact has just freed them up to do other work made life easier for women but in actual fact has just freed them up to do other work
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I think, is my feeling. [Olive] I think so too. [Gai] Yeah, and, and the fact that, I guess, that women now often I think, is my feeling. [Olive] I think so too. [Gai] Yeah, and, and the fact that, I guess, that women now often
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have to work, ah, is related to the fact that technological changes have, um, contributed to have to work, ah, is related to the fact that technological changes have, um, contributed to
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that change in our whole society, um, and, ah that change in our whole society, um, and, ah
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then, um, we've covered things like how you feel about Email, how Email was when you went, then, um, we've covered things like how you feel about Email, how Email was when you went,
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how you felt was regarded by the people around Orange, um. [Olive] Well, Orange, it would, if you took how you felt was regarded by the people around Orange, um. [Olive] Well, Orange, it would, if you took
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Email out we'd have no Orange [Gai] Mm. [Olive] We'd 'ave a Email out we'd have no Orange [Gai] Mm. [Olive] We'd 'ave a
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a lot of people with nothing to do. [Gai] That, that's a similar comment that almost everybody's made. a lot of people with nothing to do. [Gai] That, that's a similar comment that almost everybody's made.
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What other effects has What other effects has
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Email had on Orange do you think? Were you ever involved with the Credit Union or... [Olive] Yes, I'm 'bout one number with the Email had on Orange do you think? Were you ever involved with the Credit Union or... [Olive] Yes, I'm 'bout one number with the
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credit union. I started off, oh, my leadin' hand come one day and 'e said why don't you  credit union. I started off, oh, my leadin' hand come one day and 'e said why don't you 
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join the credit union and my number is one seven nine and it's been one seven nine join the credit union and my number is one seven nine and it's been one seven nine
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all the time. [Gai] So, one seven nine  all the time. [Gai] So, one seven nine 
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must have been a, one of the original numbers, wouldn't it. [Olive] Yes. [Gai] Yeah, yeah, once you know, must have been a, one of the original numbers, wouldn't it. [Olive] Yes. [Gai] Yeah, yeah, once you know,
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way down the tracks [Olive] Yeah [Gai] and a thousand, yes twenty eight thousand or something way down the tracks [Olive] Yeah [Gai] and a thousand, yes twenty eight thousand or something
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you would have been one of the original members of the Credit Union. [Olive] Yes. [Gai] Yeah. [Olive] They started up before, ah, we left you would have been one of the original members of the Credit Union. [Olive] Yes. [Gai] Yeah. [Olive] They started up before, ah, we left
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the old building and went into the new one and they only 'ad a little teeny office the old building and went into the new one and they only 'ad a little teeny office
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that they opened, ah, I think it was only one day a week. that they opened, ah, I think it was only one day a week.
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I'm not sure. It might have been a Friday afternoon, or... [Gai] And now it's gone on to be become part of the I'm not sure. It might have been a Friday afternoon, or... [Gai] And now it's gone on to be become part of the
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whole Orange scene. [Olive] Yeah, that's right. It's really gone ahead in leaps and bounds, and you could go over whole Orange scene. [Olive] Yeah, that's right. It's really gone ahead in leaps and bounds, and you could go over
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and get money or pay in money, or have your., you know, your.. [Gai] accounts payed, that type of thing. [Olive] Yeah, they and get money or pay in money, or have your., you know, your.. [Gai] accounts payed, that type of thing. [Olive] Yeah, they
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still pay all your accounts and don't have to pay them, well you know what Credit Union's like still pay all your accounts and don't have to pay them, well you know what Credit Union's like
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and, um. I'd have preferred the  and, um. I'd have preferred the 
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Credit Union to anything. Even though you have got bank accounts, but, um, [Gai] Yeah, they work the same way  Credit Union to anything. Even though you have got bank accounts, but, um, [Gai] Yeah, they work the same way 
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really except they've got some additional, um.. [Olive] Fees [Gai] Yeah, systems too through the Credit Union. Um, was really except they've got some additional, um.. [Olive] Fees [Gai] Yeah, systems too through the Credit Union. Um, was
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Was the superannuation scheme in when you...? [Olive] Yes, it come in about, I think I only paid into it for about Was the superannuation scheme in when you...? [Olive] Yes, it come in about, I think I only paid into it for about
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two years  [Gai] Hm   [Olive] Before I two years  [Gai] Hm   [Olive] Before I
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left. Oh, but then it was very restricted. You could only pay in, Oh left. Oh, but then it was very restricted. You could only pay in, Oh
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can't remember exactly what it was. I know I didn't get a very l..., much when I left. can't remember exactly what it was. I know I didn't get a very l..., much when I left.
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[Gai] But, but you believe it's a good thing.  [Olive] Oh, I do too. Oh,yes. Definite, definite. [Gai] Ah, was [Gai] But, but you believe it's a good thing.  [Olive] Oh, I do too. Oh,yes. Definite, definite. [Gai] Ah, was
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was there anything like a benevolent fund or anything that you were involved in? Or, funds that was there anything like a benevolent fund or anything that you were involved in? Or, funds that
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that, I guess would've helped other staff members when they were sick and things like that. No, no,  that, I guess would've helped other staff members when they were sick and things like that. No, no, 
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don't think we had a Benevolence Fund, was there? [Gai] I don't whether there was actually one, I'm just asking don't think we had a Benevolence Fund, was there? [Gai] I don't whether there was actually one, I'm just asking
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[Olive] No, I think we just run raffles for things you know, like I can remember when Billy [Olive] No, I think we just run raffles for things you know, like I can remember when Billy
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Billy showed us Billy showed us
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a little boy, he was in Sydney hospital and 'e 'ad to have, I think he might have had leukemia a little boy, he was in Sydney hospital and 'e 'ad to have, I think he might have had leukemia
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'E 'ad something and 'e didn't have 'E 'ad something and 'e didn't have
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a little telly in 'is room. Uh, so, we ran raffles and took collections up and helped. a little telly in 'is room. Uh, so, we ran raffles and took collections up and helped.
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Got 'im a, um telly, and, he's healthy Got 'im a, um telly, and, he's healthy
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now I think [Gai] So, you felt that, that [Olive] We all helped [Gai] family feeling you had helped each other and... now I think [Gai] So, you felt that, that [Olive] We all helped [Gai] family feeling you had helped each other and...
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They do that for, we do, that'd go right through the factory and the bosses and all of them They do that for, we do, that'd go right through the factory and the bosses and all of them
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help in. [Gai] So, it was that feeling of belonging to the group. And, do you know anything about the history of help in. [Gai] So, it was that feeling of belonging to the group. And, do you know anything about the history of
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Email or why it came to Orange, did you ever talk about that when you were there? [Olive] No, no. Email or why it came to Orange, did you ever talk about that when you were there? [Olive] No, no.
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It was It was
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a small arts factory, and um.  [Gai] So, you came into it fairly late a small arts factory, and um.  [Gai] So, you came into it fairly late
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to see ... [Olive] Oh, yes. Um, it came in about forty five didn't it?  [Gai] oh, around forty five, forty six [Olive] End of forty five,  beginnning of to see ... [Olive] Oh, yes. Um, it came in about forty five didn't it?  [Gai] oh, around forty five, forty six [Olive] End of forty five,  beginnning of
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forty six. [Gai] Hm. And your basic feeling is that um Orange would have  forty six. [Gai] Hm. And your basic feeling is that um Orange would have 
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been a different place if Email hadn't come here. [Olive] That's right. [Gai] Yeah. So, its been a very big contributor to been a different place if Email hadn't come here. [Olive] That's right. [Gai] Yeah. So, its been a very big contributor to
34:59

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the,um, uuum... [Olive] We did, they say now they can't get enough labour the,um, uuum... [Olive] We did, they say now they can't get enough labour
35:06

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to work there. But I feel, I can't see how that can to work there. But I feel, I can't see how that can
35:13

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be true except that, they get, now there's too much, they can get their be true except that, they get, now there's too much, they can get their
35:20

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dole too easy, or their money from Social Security too easy, whereas dole too easy, or their money from Social Security too easy, whereas
35:25

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before, when I first started there, when I first, um, you couldn't before, when I first started there, when I first, um, you couldn't
35:34

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You couldn't go down and get, ah, help unless your husband went. You know from the You couldn't go down and get, ah, help unless your husband went. You know from the
35:41

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CES. Your husband had to go. Whereas now you can CES. Your husband had to go. Whereas now you can
35:48

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put your form in and then you don't fill one more out for three months or something, I put your form in and then you don't fill one more out for three months or something, I
35:52

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I, I don't, I don't know the full story, but I know its much much easier, whereas I, I don't, I don't know the full story, but I know its much much easier, whereas
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if you were given a job and you 'ad if you were given a job and you 'ad
35:60

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a trial and you had to, ah, I think if you wanted a trial and you had to, ah, I think if you wanted
36:05

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a job you have to give it your best shot, not, not go over and say "well, I haven't got a job you have to give it your best shot, not, not go over and say "well, I haven't got
36:09

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to work 'cause I've heard of 'em goin' in  to work 'cause I've heard of 'em goin' in 
36:11

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Email, and, um workin' two days and then saying "well this don't suit me, I'm goin'", and they just walk out Email, and, um workin' two days and then saying "well this don't suit me, I'm goin'", and they just walk out
36:17

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the gate. You couldn't do that when the war first ended. [Gai] Hm. So, the attitude to work the gate. You couldn't do that when the war first ended. [Gai] Hm. So, the attitude to work
36:24

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was different in those days really. [Olive] Yeah, a job was a was different in those days really. [Olive] Yeah, a job was a
36:27

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a job was something that you, was privileged, ah, and you, ah, looked on it as your a job was something that you, was privileged, ah, and you, ah, looked on it as your
36:33

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livelihood, n, now you don't have to look on it as your livelihood 'cause you can go down livelihood, n, now you don't have to look on it as your livelihood 'cause you can go down
36:37

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and get x amount of dollars for nothing. [Gai] Hm. I agree. No, I think it's and get x amount of dollars for nothing. [Gai] Hm. I agree. No, I think it's
36:43

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a shame that that situation has changed. And, um, so, um, there's nothing else a shame that that situation has changed. And, um, so, um, there's nothing else
36:50

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anything else you'd like to mention before we finish in terms of your memories of anything else you'd like to mention before we finish in terms of your memories of
36:54

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Email, or... [Olive]Well, except for that I'm thankful I had Email, or... [Olive]Well, except for that I'm thankful I had
36:58

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Email to go to work for and um, thankful that I met so many nice people. Email to go to work for and um, thankful that I met so many nice people.
37:05

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and, I couldn't say and, I couldn't say
37:07

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a bad thing about Email's company because they, um, they were never anything but very a bad thing about Email's company because they, um, they were never anything but very
37:15

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genuine to me. [Gai] Hm. Well that's excellent. I'm glad, I'm sure they'll be glad to hear that too and so genuine to me. [Gai] Hm. Well that's excellent. I'm glad, I'm sure they'll be glad to hear that too and so
37:22

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we'd like to thank you for being part of the project and, ah, your memories are an we'd like to thank you for being part of the project and, ah, your memories are an
37:26

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important part of the history and, ah, will be an ongoing resource for this, ah, history of important part of the history and, ah, will be an ongoing resource for this, ah, history of
37:31

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Orange, which is currently being... Orange, which is currently being...