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0:05

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Total identification. This is an interview with Amos Douglas and Andrew Douglas from the Mangrove Mountain. We're going to look at the Mangrove Valley or  foundation families: timber and shipping for Gosford local history. We're actually 5 seconds in.  End of I.D. Total identification. This is an interview with Amos Douglas and Andrew Douglas from the Mangrove Mountain. We're going to look at the Mangrove Valley or  foundation families: timber and shipping for Gosford local history. We're actually 5 seconds in.  End of I.D.
0:21

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Amos Douglas, Andrew Douglas, thanks of you for joining us on these local history programs for Gosford Library. Amos, if I can call you Amos to make things a lot easier. Thank you. Bill's my name. When did the family actually come to the Mangrove Valley? Amos Douglas, Andrew Douglas, thanks of you for joining us on these local history programs for Gosford Library. Amos, if I can call you Amos to make things a lot easier. Thank you. Bill's my name. When did the family actually come to the Mangrove Valley?
0:36

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The family, the Douglas family, well, it'd be back in The family, the Douglas family, well, it'd be back in
0:41

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Or the over the 100 years, I'd say, but I wouldn't know the exact date, but if you will over the 100 years. Or the over the 100 years, I'd say, but I wouldn't know the exact date, but if you will over the 100 years.
0:48

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Early on that we find some of the Douglas family coming out with the First Fleet, and I understand some of the Douglas family even received land grants. Yes, well, Charles Douglas, he received a grant down in the Valley, 50 acres. He was in the parish of Mangrove. Why did he come to Australia? Was he transported or was he in ships company? Would have been in ships company I'd say, as far as I can recollect. Of course I can't remember him he's gone before I come along, long before, you know, you understand that. Early on that we find some of the Douglas family coming out with the First Fleet, and I understand some of the Douglas family even received land grants. Yes, well, Charles Douglas, he received a grant down in the Valley, 50 acres. He was in the parish of Mangrove. Why did he come to Australia? Was he transported or was he in ships company? Would have been in ships company I'd say, as far as I can recollect. Of course I can't remember him he's gone before I come along, long before, you know, you understand that.
1:18

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That's right, he was long gone. We also we find quite a number of other land grants in the area dont we. Oh yes, Wisemans Ferry, that was a grant to Solomon Wiseman. Andah  there was other grants. I think. Further down the River they work through River and I wouldn't just know when they grants was issued. [Andrew H] When your father came here. What was his work when he came? [Andrew D] Here were farming, grazing timber, Rd work [Andrew H]and when you were born Amos, Andrew at least when you were born. That's right, he was long gone. We also we find quite a number of other land grants in the area dont we. Oh yes, Wisemans Ferry, that was a grant to Solomon Wiseman. Andah  there was other grants. I think. Further down the River they work through River and I wouldn't just know when they grants was issued. [Andrew H] When your father came here. What was his work when he came? [Andrew D] Here were farming, grazing timber, Rd work [Andrew H]and when you were born Amos, Andrew at least when you were born.
1:49

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And I got to a certain age. You went to work on the land for your father. What sort of work we're doing farming, plat Plauen and stock raise and sort of stuff. We're raising cattle and horses, pigs and fowls here, but it's really mix, remix farm, and so it was a mixed farm. What are the day would you start work and what else? The hour of the day would you finish before 4:00 o'clock in the morning? It would be daylight, when after get the horses and under some happen happen ready. And I got to a certain age. You went to work on the land for your father. What sort of work we're doing farming, plat Plauen and stock raise and sort of stuff. We're raising cattle and horses, pigs and fowls here, but it's really mix, remix farm, and so it was a mixed farm. What are the day would you start work and what else? The hour of the day would you finish before 4:00 o'clock in the morning? It would be daylight, when after get the horses and under some happen happen ready.
2:21

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At from 4:00 o'clock till dark, and then lesser very long day. What about schooling in those early days we had a poor schooling, only half time school. Two days this week and see the next and so on. At from 4:00 o'clock till dark, and then lesser very long day. What about schooling in those early days we had a poor schooling, only half time school. Two days this week and see the next and so on.
2:35

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There was a dose code, one up of Maine Governor Mango like was halftime or Liz and the teacher used to ride a horse between the schools that was transferred 8 miles between the schools. That's a fair distance. What was cool down is like oh they were alright, but we should have stayed in work and go to school in them days. If you ever play hookie. There was a dose code, one up of Maine Governor Mango like was halftime or Liz and the teacher used to ride a horse between the schools that was transferred 8 miles between the schools. That's a fair distance. What was cool down is like oh they were alright, but we should have stayed in work and go to school in them days. If you ever play hookie.
3:00

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And we got the chance. We would. What sort of things would you be total school to work? And we got the chance. We would. What sort of things would you be total school to work?
3:07

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Arithmetic and reading and. Arithmetic and reading and.
3:11

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Spelling it. Spelling it.
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History, but sort of history. In those days we taught mixed. It was we had seven children in the family. What happened to the 7 the the outlet? Rather he died in. History, but sort of history. In those days we taught mixed. It was we had seven children in the family. What happened to the 7 the the outlet? Rather he died in.
3:27

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18 18
3:29

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with the flu that we're running flail at the North Coast, I was up there with him. We were scattered timber sleepers and girders for the railway. He don't need Windows virus Dungog. When we went up there and we worked on it from there to lambs down the other side of Tyree. Almost timber entry is a reasonable size industry in this part of the world. When you first started working, what sort of Timbers were you working with? with the flu that we're running flail at the North Coast, I was up there with him. We were scattered timber sleepers and girders for the railway. He don't need Windows virus Dungog. When we went up there and we worked on it from there to lambs down the other side of Tyree. Almost timber entry is a reasonable size industry in this part of the world. When you first started working, what sort of Timbers were you working with?
3:60

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Ironbark gum black bat, mahogany forest out and there were so many different varieties of the gum, say or best offer. Doesn't different varieties but it all used for building and fencing and sheds and all that sort of thing. Now as we look at the different varieties of the gum, what sort of varieties are we in fact, looking at where there's a blue gum and the grey gum and the flooded gum and the yellow game that was that broad is weird in there. Out of all the guns which were which would have been the best to work with. Another blue Blue game is beautiful timber. Ironbark gum black bat, mahogany forest out and there were so many different varieties of the gum, say or best offer. Doesn't different varieties but it all used for building and fencing and sheds and all that sort of thing. Now as we look at the different varieties of the gum, what sort of varieties are we in fact, looking at where there's a blue gum and the grey gum and the flooded gum and the yellow game that was that broad is weird in there. Out of all the guns which were which would have been the best to work with. Another blue Blue game is beautiful timber.
4:30

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You're wonderful life pass timber you know building houses and the other flooded gum. It was more for fencing and shed. Building was hard Navy, but the blue gum it was more of a softer and lighter wood if you understand but a great timber to build with. Well as a child and as a young man this area would have been very heavily, heavily timbered or word heavily damaged. Traffic and a lot of it was destroyed. They just dropped it off and fill it and heat it up and burned it. They had no. You're wonderful life pass timber you know building houses and the other flooded gum. It was more for fencing and shed. Building was hard Navy, but the blue gum it was more of a softer and lighter wood if you understand but a great timber to build with. Well as a child and as a young man this area would have been very heavily, heavily timbered or word heavily damaged. Traffic and a lot of it was destroyed. They just dropped it off and fill it and heat it up and burned it. They had no.
5:01

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No way getting the way that the city of anywhere there is no transfer to get it away in them days. They just had to clear the land and they destroyed a lot of the good. Dinner went to waste and they pits out alot of it and made it through it into what they called junk. When they drifted that away down to the Creek on pants. Like with the vessels in that got away to Sydney to the middle. Then there were a lot of it was destroyed altogether. Burned up. Thank you dear. The land. No way getting the way that the city of anywhere there is no transfer to get it away in them days. They just had to clear the land and they destroyed a lot of the good. Dinner went to waste and they pits out alot of it and made it through it into what they called junk. When they drifted that away down to the Creek on pants. Like with the vessels in that got away to Sydney to the middle. Then there were a lot of it was destroyed altogether. Burned up. Thank you dear. The land.
5:32

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You mentioned that when you work with the Timbers, there's the pitch soaring, but those who don't know pit soaring is. Could you describe it for us? Yes, quite easily. Well, you dig a pit in the ground or pitted, but would say 8 or 10 feet long. You mentioned that when you work with the Timbers, there's the pitch soaring, but those who don't know pit soaring is. Could you describe it for us? Yes, quite easily. Well, you dig a pit in the ground or pitted, but would say 8 or 10 feet long.
5:48

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And about four foot wide and about 3 foot deep. Well, that was your pit. And about four foot wide and about 3 foot deep. Well, that was your pit.
5:55

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And then you build a scaffold over the top of it and you brought your logs long and had skids in your own him up onto the top. The big logs and. And then you build a scaffold over the top of it and you brought your logs long and had skids in your own him up onto the top. The big logs and.
6:05

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The reason for the pit that was for the man on the other end of the solar light, one block was right up on the top and you put you saw in your splitter log right down the center and then just went over half one way or the other. The reason for the pit that was for the man on the other end of the solar light, one block was right up on the top and you put you saw in your splitter log right down the center and then just went over half one way or the other.
6:20

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And whatever you wanted to cut, your measured it out in it. And the man in the in the pit. He had ended the soil and the other man was on top and it was sword up and down, up and down, up and down. But the sore only cut on the one way down. His stefas looked there was no cutting going up. We're still hard. And you pulled the sword down as you pulled it down they hooked teeth. Cut the. And whatever you wanted to cut, your measured it out in it. And the man in the in the pit. He had ended the soil and the other man was on top and it was sword up and down, up and down, up and down. But the sore only cut on the one way down. His stefas looked there was no cutting going up. We're still hard. And you pulled the sword down as you pulled it down they hooked teeth. Cut the.
6:46

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The timber right through and how long would it take to men pit soaring? Say one of the bigger trees O2, good men. That's the sort of the one log up in the day quite easily. The timber right through and how long would it take to men pit soaring? Say one of the bigger trees O2, good men. That's the sort of the one log up in the day quite easily.
7:02

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And that was the enough. They kept their server in good Nick. You had to keep you so much Armand and anymore that understood that they could sharpen it in a few minutes. You know, keep it going, but it was hard work though. What else would the men in the pit start? What time? Oh, that start about gender was daylight sometimes Susan was light enough to see and work to look. Too dark to see all day long that outbreaks. Of course, having lunch and a bit of a break man again dropping this sore and so forth. And that was the enough. They kept their server in good Nick. You had to keep you so much Armand and anymore that understood that they could sharpen it in a few minutes. You know, keep it going, but it was hard work though. What else would the men in the pit start? What time? Oh, that start about gender was daylight sometimes Susan was light enough to see and work to look. Too dark to see all day long that outbreaks. Of course, having lunch and a bit of a break man again dropping this sore and so forth.
7:33

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But it was a long day's work comparing the worker that date of the worker of this day. How do you compare the two? Well, some of those I've saw both Timbers cut with the pet store and with a parasaur and you wouldn't be able to tell which was which. The pits always cat adjust as needed, the machines, or you'd only believe that's true. Andrew had to do work on the timber. Yes, quite quite like quite a lot all up that Coast. What about down here? Yeah, I'm here. But it was a long day's work comparing the worker that date of the worker of this day. How do you compare the two? Well, some of those I've saw both Timbers cut with the pet store and with a parasaur and you wouldn't be able to tell which was which. The pits always cat adjust as needed, the machines, or you'd only believe that's true. Andrew had to do work on the timber. Yes, quite quite like quite a lot all up that Coast. What about down here? Yeah, I'm here.
8:03

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Yes, I'm around property. It just cut Gerda sleepers, purple Telegraph parents and junk and stuff like that. What markets do you have for the timber from your property? Very poor, very poor in them days to what it is now that their royalty on the timber we only used to get like 10 shillings. And now it's Sky. Yes, I'm around property. It just cut Gerda sleepers, purple Telegraph parents and junk and stuff like that. What markets do you have for the timber from your property? Very poor, very poor in them days to what it is now that their royalty on the timber we only used to get like 10 shillings. And now it's Sky.
8:34

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800 feet essentially is 100 feet is not all that much, is it? No, it wasn't in them days at all. You'd have to work very hard in the timber industry in those days, ready to make a living, wouldn't you? Would it would add the sleepers. There's railway sleepers. We was only getting 2 two shillings apiece for 'em. 800 feet essentially is 100 feet is not all that much, is it? No, it wasn't in them days at all. You'd have to work very hard in the timber industry in those days, ready to make a living, wouldn't you? Would it would add the sleepers. There's railway sleepers. We was only getting 2 two shillings apiece for 'em.
8:58

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And look at it today. It's more like 15 at $20. Now almost full properties require roads that you Laney Roads for your property. Down here I help. Yes I have built some of the roads to the property. What was the procedure and it was with the pick and shovel GED. And look at it today. It's more like 15 at $20. Now almost full properties require roads that you Laney Roads for your property. Down here I help. Yes I have built some of the roads to the property. What was the procedure and it was with the pick and shovel GED.
9:20

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Hammers breaking up the stones and making the foundation for the road now find the roads go well. Each man done these parts are his own property. Really it was in the ends of trustees. In those days you done your section. I did my second. The next rendered every section they worked at that way in the early part of it. And of course they got the Shire councils going in is all run by the Shire councils so all the all the people virtually work together as a team. That's right, that's right. Hammers breaking up the stones and making the foundation for the road now find the roads go well. Each man done these parts are his own property. Really it was in the ends of trustees. In those days you done your section. I did my second. The next rendered every section they worked at that way in the early part of it. And of course they got the Shire councils going in is all run by the Shire councils so all the all the people virtually work together as a team. That's right, that's right.
9:50

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That's just how it was. How would you describe the land? The land up here in the soil? Well, it was. It was terrific, young, beautiful soil. You wouldn't get better anywhere. This side of the. That's just how it was. How would you describe the land? The land up here in the soil? Well, it was. It was terrific, young, beautiful soil. You wouldn't get better anywhere. This side of the.
10:00

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Hardin Valley is very beautiful black. So early in the. Hardin Valley is very beautiful black. So early in the.
10:05

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Traffic and the flood of course brought a lot of sand into the mountains and capital goods or labor really spoil it for calibration, but it didn't spoil it for the grazing part of it. The grass it used to grow through the sand and be really good. Traffic and the flood of course brought a lot of sand into the mountains and capital goods or labor really spoil it for calibration, but it didn't spoil it for the grazing part of it. The grass it used to grow through the sand and be really good.
10:20

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So it's a good rich land. Oh yes, terrific, very rich. And there was one particular place there. They they grew maize on it for about well over 100 years. Never had any fertilizer or anything like that. But the floods used to help it a lot. Playing deposits portion and the mountains in you know vegetation, rotted leaves and so forth. But that help to keep the land build up. Yeah that would make good mulch it would Edward that's out was the worst flood. Remember what were floods like 19? So it's a good rich land. Oh yes, terrific, very rich. And there was one particular place there. They they grew maize on it for about well over 100 years. Never had any fertilizer or anything like that. But the floods used to help it a lot. Playing deposits portion and the mountains in you know vegetation, rotted leaves and so forth. But that help to keep the land build up. Yeah that would make good mulch it would Edward that's out was the worst flood. Remember what were floods like 19?
10:50

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49 nineteen 49 was the biggest eyesore, but I've seen a lot more besides it, but it was the the biggest. I remember what damage I would've done it. That was the first flooded start to do the damage really, and it sort of broke the banks and the other floods, you know, come along and broke a bit more and a bit more than someone like that. That took quite a bit of the land away, but the 49 was the worst in my memory. Of course we see dams coming in as well that we have built the dams. 49 nineteen 49 was the biggest eyesore, but I've seen a lot more besides it, but it was the the biggest. I remember what damage I would've done it. That was the first flooded start to do the damage really, and it sort of broke the banks and the other floods, you know, come along and broke a bit more and a bit more than someone like that. That took quite a bit of the land away, but the 49 was the worst in my memory. Of course we see dams coming in as well that we have built the dams.
11:21

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For the damage that there's only the, we got a weird in the Valley here. My crossword Shire. They built their way and then built the dam further up the Valley. Here they are about 14 miles further than they were. For the damage that there's only the, we got a weird in the Valley here. My crossword Shire. They built their way and then built the dam further up the Valley. Here they are about 14 miles further than they were.
11:35

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Upstream it's and it's completed near the near as far as they can go. At the moment, Aborigines, what Aboriginal population that we have here. Oh yeah, quite a lot. My grandmother's seen as many as two and 300 miles through the Valley when she was a little girl and that's when she was born in 1820. So that was a long way back. They were all civilized in those days there. Did you ever come across any Aboriginal middens? Any rubbish dumps from Aborigines? Well, not exactly, but we have seen their marking in the in the caves and that in the rocks in the mountains. Upstream it's and it's completed near the near as far as they can go. At the moment, Aborigines, what Aboriginal population that we have here. Oh yeah, quite a lot. My grandmother's seen as many as two and 300 miles through the Valley when she was a little girl and that's when she was born in 1820. So that was a long way back. They were all civilized in those days there. Did you ever come across any Aboriginal middens? Any rubbish dumps from Aborigines? Well, not exactly, but we have seen their marking in the in the caves and that in the rocks in the mountains.
12:06

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Their hand Marks and that sort of thing and drawings were like they handled Kangaroos and lizards, snakes, and all that sort of thing. Fish quite a few of them in the caves. What about the Aboriginals today? Many around or not here, not the moment now. I don't think you'd find any more than 50 miles of Ian here, not the real Amber Rose. They were plentifully in the early days. They own all this. How has the Creek changed over the years? So it's changed a lot, changed alot. It's it's filled in and going shallow it was deep. Their hand Marks and that sort of thing and drawings were like they handled Kangaroos and lizards, snakes, and all that sort of thing. Fish quite a few of them in the caves. What about the Aboriginals today? Many around or not here, not the moment now. I don't think you'd find any more than 50 miles of Ian here, not the real Amber Rose. They were plentifully in the early days. They own all this. How has the Creek changed over the years? So it's changed a lot, changed alot. It's it's filled in and going shallow it was deep.
12:37

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Lloyd Banks, but now it's sort of showed in and why that really happened. We had a wonderful boat trade happen down the Creek. As far as the tide travel, say and those boats when they get working up and down in the Creek was now that it kept the silt moving away and Easter drift away out with the tides and when the boat stopped all that silt sort of settlement settler filled the Creek in. What about the fish? I used to be plenty of fish there, mainly mullet. Lloyd Banks, but now it's sort of showed in and why that really happened. We had a wonderful boat trade happen down the Creek. As far as the tide travel, say and those boats when they get working up and down in the Creek was now that it kept the silt moving away and Easter drift away out with the tides and when the boat stopped all that silt sort of settlement settler filled the Creek in. What about the fish? I used to be plenty of fish there, mainly mullet.
13:07

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See my let it come up the stream or you get a bit of brim sometimes but not alot. Purge they would look quite a bit of freshwater perch above the tide waters. See my let it come up the stream or you get a bit of brim sometimes but not alot. Purge they would look quite a bit of freshwater perch above the tide waters.
13:16

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But they got fished out. There are too many fishermen's for the fish. You know what I mean? There wasn't enough fish to supply all the fishermen. What fish do you remember? But they got fished out. There are too many fishermen's for the fish. You know what I mean? There wasn't enough fish to supply all the fishermen. What fish do you remember?
13:28

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Search and Malik happy. He used to have a net net and put it across, you know and and model it did be above it when they'd come out they get caught in the net. Used to make a living out of this two or three of them. Did you ever fish for a living at all now? Search and Malik happy. He used to have a net net and put it across, you know and and model it did be above it when they'd come out they get caught in the net. Used to make a living out of this two or three of them. Did you ever fish for a living at all now?
13:50

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Did you ever do any fishing for a living? And no, I did not. I would starve to death of reddish Brown fish. Did you ever do any fishing for a living? And no, I did not. I would starve to death of reddish Brown fish.
13:57

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What about the shipping you are told me? There's some ships actually came a fairway up. I did this come as far as the the tired really in those days 'cause there there was plenty of water and plenty of room in the Creek then. But as I say the Greek is fulfilled in and that I didn't used to come as far. What about the shipping you are told me? There's some ships actually came a fairway up. I did this come as far as the the tired really in those days 'cause there there was plenty of water and plenty of room in the Creek then. But as I say the Greek is fulfilled in and that I didn't used to come as far.
14:15

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And they had a hotel down there. And they had a hotel down there.
14:18

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As far as the tide game fires the vessels game. As far as the tide game fires the vessels game.
14:22

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Investors used to bring all the supplies from Sydney or the Rams and drinks and all that sort of thing. Investors used to bring all the supplies from Sydney or the Rams and drinks and all that sort of thing.
14:30

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I know this is just down the cricketer about beabout 4 miles from here. Really, I can't remember it's gone before I but I heard all about it so so you can't recall what number was. It was a man by the name of Peter Melby. Had the vessel and he used to bring the supply up in it was with spirits and then they didn't have any beer. They had spirits and wines and that sort of thing that was their main drink. I know this is just down the cricketer about beabout 4 miles from here. Really, I can't remember it's gone before I but I heard all about it so so you can't recall what number was. It was a man by the name of Peter Melby. Had the vessel and he used to bring the supply up in it was with spirits and then they didn't have any beer. They had spirits and wines and that sort of thing that was their main drink.
14:56

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Ships to come so far to the tide on the tide they had. How shallow was the water at the end of their journey? Oh it would be only I suppose, at low tide to be no more than two to three feet they had to work on the high tide. If you understand that if they came up on the high tide and by the time they got their produce and not loaded then after wait for the next tide to go out. And if you understand they couldn't come up and go back on the one tidy. Ships to come so far to the tide on the tide they had. How shallow was the water at the end of their journey? Oh it would be only I suppose, at low tide to be no more than two to three feet they had to work on the high tide. If you understand that if they came up on the high tide and by the time they got their produce and not loaded then after wait for the next tide to go out. And if you understand they couldn't come up and go back on the one tidy.
15:22

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They have to wait for the other time to come in. So in other words, what you're saying is they had affair draft. That's right, that's right. What size drunk? Oh, I'd say about 6 feet for easy getting to get stuck. What do you recall about the ships, Andrew? They have to wait for the other time to come in. So in other words, what you're saying is they had affair draft. That's right, that's right. What size drunk? Oh, I'd say about 6 feet for easy getting to get stuck. What do you recall about the ships, Andrew?
15:36

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They this Peter MLV, he used to cut produce from Sydney, and he'd go back loaded with junk timber from the pit soars. You know, Jen, and then they used to be an early chapters, right up invaded the Crick Philip Girl. His name was, and he had a four Bullock Sanada Bullock dray. They this Peter MLV, he used to cut produce from Sydney, and he'd go back loaded with junk timber from the pit soars. You know, Jen, and then they used to be an early chapters, right up invaded the Crick Philip Girl. His name was, and he had a four Bullock Sanada Bullock dray.
16:06

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And they used to cut that produce stuff down and then get the groceries and flower and whatever was and district distributed right back up quickly again as we go back in time. I'm also what wild animals do we see here. The natural animals wallabees do through different kind of all of these foxes, dingoes, possums, bandicoots, wombats, wild horses at all. And they used to cut that produce stuff down and then get the groceries and flower and whatever was and district distributed right back up quickly again as we go back in time. I'm also what wild animals do we see here. The natural animals wallabees do through different kind of all of these foxes, dingoes, possums, bandicoots, wombats, wild horses at all.
16:36

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No, no wild horses in here. No, no wild horses in here.
16:38

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We missed all them when men came on the scene. How did that change things when they first came here? They didn't have any horses or any Flowers or anything to cultivate their land led to dig it up by hand with Maddox and hoes, whatever they could get. We missed all them when men came on the scene. How did that change things when they first came here? They didn't have any horses or any Flowers or anything to cultivate their land led to dig it up by hand with Maddox and hoes, whatever they could get.
16:53

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There are no no flares. Horses are machinery of any description. What about the Flowers? The the wild Flowers around the area, and what you recall about the wildflowers, wild Flowers. They are beautiful. Wildflowers were retired in Boronia There are no no flares. Horses are machinery of any description. What about the Flowers? The the wild Flowers around the area, and what you recall about the wildflowers, wild Flowers. They are beautiful. Wildflowers were retired in Boronia
17:13

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or lady roses. or lady roses.
17:16

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Well, it used to be beautiful. Some of the animals that you're causing the same issue and I said. Well, it used to be beautiful. Some of the animals that you're causing the same issue and I said.
17:25

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That or let Mason, bandicoots, and foxes dingoes, Amos as we continue, we look at bridges. But as you look at the early bridges were the first bridge that you recall seeing there and possibly who built it. Well, it was built in 78 now 88 years ago and it was built by the people of the name of games. They built the bridge and how many bridges, whether it was a big Woodbridge and or that be. That or let Mason, bandicoots, and foxes dingoes, Amos as we continue, we look at bridges. But as you look at the early bridges were the first bridge that you recall seeing there and possibly who built it. Well, it was built in 78 now 88 years ago and it was built by the people of the name of games. They built the bridge and how many bridges, whether it was a big Woodbridge and or that be.
17:55

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Do one where we used to live in one at where a warrant and gambit built. 2:00 AM there were three big bridges, three big bridges from the from the title flow right at the top of the Valley and a lot of smaller culverts in her little wonder called culverts. How long would it take to put one of these up or took a long time? In those days it all had to be done by hand labor. They didn't have. They had to square the timber and pits or written dress it that way they didn't have any machine with the. Do one where we used to live in one at where a warrant and gambit built. 2:00 AM there were three big bridges, three big bridges from the from the title flow right at the top of the Valley and a lot of smaller culverts in her little wonder called culverts. How long would it take to put one of these up or took a long time? In those days it all had to be done by hand labor. They didn't have. They had to square the timber and pits or written dress it that way they didn't have any machine with the.
18:27

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Rip it up quick. I had to work hard and get it. Took a long time to build it when the power they had to be drove by they didn't have the power to drive there to be drove by horse power then. Rip it up quick. I had to work hard and get it. Took a long time to build it when the power they had to be drove by they didn't have the power to drive there to be drove by horse power then.
18:39

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You know, for driving the pilot in in this saying how they do that, but how the hell that system work? Work with the big with a big pulley. So they had a monkey, big ton monkey and they had scaffold like up and they it was worked on the up and down. You know, for driving the pilot in in this saying how they do that, but how the hell that system work? Work with the big with a big pulley. So they had a monkey, big ton monkey and they had scaffold like up and they it was worked on the up and down.
18:56

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Power stroke that pull the. Power stroke that pull the.
18:59

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The monkey right up on top of the. The monkey right up on top of the.
19:01

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Garden dropper down every time they hit it go down. Perhaps two or three feet in the sand on that and as further up they went. The more power they got on order it didn't take him long to drive down to finish, but hard to start it. If you understand they couldn't get it high enough to get the power on to drive the pile in. Garden dropper down every time they hit it go down. Perhaps two or three feet in the sand on that and as further up they went. The more power they got on order it didn't take him long to drive down to finish, but hard to start it. If you understand they couldn't get it high enough to get the power on to drive the pile in.
19:22

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And it was. It was trimmed, and they had to put a shoe on that, like a high end shoe pointed, so did drive easy. Andrew, did you ever work on any bridge building? Yes. And it was. It was trimmed, and they had to put a shoe on that, like a high end shoe pointed, so did drive easy. Andrew, did you ever work on any bridge building? Yes.
19:34

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Quite a lot. Quite a lot.
19:36

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That is not the Japanese made out of green that we square squared all the tape. The team before the Deccan and God is in everything quite alot bridgework and how many bridges did you actually build? That is not the Japanese made out of green that we square squared all the tape. The team before the Deccan and God is in everything quite alot bridgework and how many bridges did you actually build?
19:53

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They're just. They're just.
19:54

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That was one. It was a high bridge 6 feet from where? That was one. It was a high bridge 6 feet from where?
20:00

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6 miles from where we live that got what they call Corey. 6 miles from where we live that got what they call Corey.
20:05

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We was on it for over three months. Did you actually work on any bridge building? No, no, I didn't do much bridge work as we look at this whole area, we see a community of people there rather happy. They're not people like us in the city who can't wait to get out of the. Plus, this appears to be a very good community spirit here. How would you describe that? Well, the people they look after and help each other. I hope you and I and help someone else and everyone that goes right through that way that happy to meet each other and. We was on it for over three months. Did you actually work on any bridge building? No, no, I didn't do much bridge work as we look at this whole area, we see a community of people there rather happy. They're not people like us in the city who can't wait to get out of the. Plus, this appears to be a very good community spirit here. How would you describe that? Well, the people they look after and help each other. I hope you and I and help someone else and everyone that goes right through that way that happy to meet each other and.
20:38

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You know help each other? How would you describe the community spirit here? Andrew really, really good in muffler. You know help each other? How would you describe the community spirit here? Andrew really, really good in muffler.
20:47

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In the properties and that and Pruitt pick and all that they they help one another. How would you spend your leisure though? Didn't really much leisure time at all that to work all the time they were working. They were not. There were no sports or anything. They only sports. They added, they might have a few horses and go out never days racing and you know along the flats and that they might have a bit of a cricket game of cricket maker cricket bat out of the Bush Timberon. In the properties and that and Pruitt pick and all that they they help one another. How would you spend your leisure though? Didn't really much leisure time at all that to work all the time they were working. They were not. There were no sports or anything. They only sports. They added, they might have a few horses and go out never days racing and you know along the flats and that they might have a bit of a cricket game of cricket maker cricket bat out of the Bush Timberon.
21:18

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Sonam Sonam
21:19

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him use themselves that way. The family appears have been rather important and possibly one of the stabilizing factors here. Yes, right important. him use themselves that way. The family appears have been rather important and possibly one of the stabilizing factors here. Yes, right important.
21:28

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So the family would be good. Stabilizing factor below. Yes, my word we we had a lot of fun among ourselves. If you understand and sometimes at warehouse parties overnight, you know to fill in the car. Where does nights when you had business in Gosford? How did you get to Gosford? Now we used to go by Horse Rider also or in a sulky horse Kentucky and how long will that take? We go there back in there in the day but three hours to green powers to come back when you went into Gosford. Andrew what cost would look like? So the family would be good. Stabilizing factor below. Yes, my word we we had a lot of fun among ourselves. If you understand and sometimes at warehouse parties overnight, you know to fill in the car. Where does nights when you had business in Gosford? How did you get to Gosford? Now we used to go by Horse Rider also or in a sulky horse Kentucky and how long will that take? We go there back in there in the day but three hours to green powers to come back when you went into Gosford. Andrew what cost would look like?
21:60

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Quite different to what it is today. Quite different to what it is today.
22:03

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At where the union at opposite the Union at totally used to be a blacksmith shop there cable and we used to take the young horses in their ride him in getting showered, shot there. And that's where the bank is now. Bank in New South, another commercial bank. It's all that wonderful alterations in gospel of your sensei from the early days. Comparing them today. At where the union at opposite the Union at totally used to be a blacksmith shop there cable and we used to take the young horses in their ride him in getting showered, shot there. And that's where the bank is now. Bank in New South, another commercial bank. It's all that wonderful alterations in gospel of your sensei from the early days. Comparing them today.
22:32

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They did never racecourse. They would wear that racecourses today. That was a big swamp. Big mud flat and when they started to build it they had to do it with wheelbarrows and planks. They had run the plank, certain it'll load up the wheelbarrows and run it along the plank, antipodal often that they got it wide enough to work horse and Ray on it and they built it up and made it into the course it yesterday but it all done by wheel bearing to start first start. They did never racecourse. They would wear that racecourses today. That was a big swamp. Big mud flat and when they started to build it they had to do it with wheelbarrows and planks. They had run the plank, certain it'll load up the wheelbarrows and run it along the plank, antipodal often that they got it wide enough to work horse and Ray on it and they built it up and made it into the course it yesterday but it all done by wheel bearing to start first start.
23:03

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I can remember that as we do look at the convex, what story is do what you're told of convicts is scaping well they used to get away and come down and do the local farmers and that they get food. They were very short of food, they didn't have enough food like one particular convict. Old Grandma, you know. He said our food is rationed were rationed the weeks and he said you know he said if we ate what we should of hate he said we could have clean that up. I can remember that as we do look at the convex, what story is do what you're told of convicts is scaping well they used to get away and come down and do the local farmers and that they get food. They were very short of food, they didn't have enough food like one particular convict. Old Grandma, you know. He said our food is rationed were rationed the weeks and he said you know he said if we ate what we should of hate he said we could have clean that up.
23:33

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By mid week by Wednesday, but he said we had to carry it out right through the week, so they were very often short. They didn't give enough and they worked hard at the same time. Log 2 Lego ends capital together. What stories did you hear of convicts? Yes, I make the same measure would aim is said to him over not close. So thank you very much indeed for joining us. We're out of tape. Andrew Douglas. Amos Douglas. Thanks indeed for joining us. By mid week by Wednesday, but he said we had to carry it out right through the week, so they were very often short. They didn't give enough and they worked hard at the same time. Log 2 Lego ends capital together. What stories did you hear of convicts? Yes, I make the same measure would aim is said to him over not close. So thank you very much indeed for joining us. We're out of tape. Andrew Douglas. Amos Douglas. Thanks indeed for joining us.
24:04

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